Order Description
Develop and thoroughly analyze a public policy in order to advocate for one that improves the health of the public and/or the nursing profession globally (local, state, national, or international). To do this, you will reflect on several aspects of being a policy maker within the nursing position. A few things to consider are:
• Why did you select the health or nursing profession policy issue?
• How does this issue affect nursing practice, healthcare delivery, and health outcomes for individual, families, and/or communities?
• What are the values and the ethical positions that underpin your perspectives?
• What are the criteria you will use to evaluate the success (outcomes) of your proposed policy change?
By using both a top-down and a bottom-up approach, you will analyze and bring the nursing perspective to policy makers and stakeholders. Identifying the values and ethical perspectives that underpin your position, you will develop criteria to evaluate the success of your work. This will lead to a created a policy brief that can be sent to decision makers and created a plan to work with an organization/community to promote policy change at the local level.
A. Prepare your reflection essay (suggested length of no more than of 3 pages) of the values and ethics of a public policy issue by doing the following:
1. Analyze a health or nursing profession public policy issue that impacts a group
of people and requires a policy change.
a) Discuss why you selected this public policy issue. – This section serves as a brief introduction to the paper. Describe the problem that you are trying to solve. Then clearly stat your policy idea in a single sentence (policy change making Naloxone (Narcan) readily available to public to help to prevent opioid overdoses.) State why it is a problem for the community, state, or nation.
b) Discuss the relevance of the public policy issue to the health or the nursing profession, using two pieces of academically appropriate literature from the last five years. – In a few paragraphs (2-4), write about why this issue should be addressed as a public policy.
c) Describe the financial impact of the public policy on an organization or on a community. You may discuss what types of things would cost money (and time and effort) and then discuss the positive impact the policy would have on health.
1. Analyze how your values impact your position on the public policy issue. Discuss how your personal/professional values relate to this policy idea. (personal perspective).
a) Discuss the ethical principle (e.g., autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice) or theory that underpins your perspective. Describe how this issue impacts nursing and/or on patient outcomes. Analyze the issue and provide rationale for why this is an important issue. There is a link to a handout from the ANA, which identifies and defines nursing Ethical Principles. Pick one from this list and describe how that nursing ethical principle could apply to proposed policy.
https://nursingworld.org/NainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/Resoursces/Ethics-Definitions.pdf
B. Develop a policy brief (suggested length of no more than 6 pages) for the public
policy issue discussed in part A in which you do the following:
1. Identify the decision maker (name and title) who will receive the policy brief.
a) Explain why the public policy issue requires the decision maker’s attention using at least 2 relevant nursing research from the last five years to support your position. In a paragraph, briefly summarize why this policy is important (summarize the main points from Part A). Then, in a sentence or two, explain why you selected your decision maker should be.
2. Discuss the main challenges of addressing the selected public policy issue. Discuss some of the challenges you think the decision maker may face in trying to get the bill passed into law (or made into a “mandated” policy). These are often objections raised by lobbyists, groups, and members of the public who are opposed to the policy.
3. Discuss the primary options and/or interventions for the decision maker, including why they are tangible. What choices/ options does the Decision Maker have when they hear the proposal> Try to identify 3 options. The first option is to do nothing. The decision maker has the option of reading your policy proposal and deciding to leave thins as they are (the status quo). A second option for the decision maker is to set a different policy. In this case, it might be that the decision maker decides to require some alternative, or part-way, measure. A third option might be to support and pass policy proposal. Be sure to provide a brief assessment of each option. Why would the option be a good one? Or not?
4. Propose a persuasive course of action for the decision maker, including ways to avoid the challenges identified in part B2. In a paragraph or two, discuss the challenges talked about in B2 and talk about what the decision maker could do to address each of these challenges.
5. Discuss how you will evaluate the success of your policy brief (top-down approach – a formal policy set by an authority that can require compliance. Through a rule-making board, regulatory organization, or legal (legislative) process at the local, state, or national level). Identify successes in both the process and long-term outcome (what happens after policy is implemented after policy passes, what would be different?) of policy change.
C. Create a plan (suggested length of no more than 3 pages) for working with an organization or a community to address the public policy issue analyzed in part A by doing the following:
1. Identify an organization or community that has expressed interest in your selected health or nursing profession public policy issue.
a. Summarize evidence supporting why the organization or community has expressed interest in the selected public policy issue. How organization(s) would be interested in working with to build a coalition for the bottom up approach. Do they have information on their website? Printed materials? Have they discussed this issue at conferences? Be sure to cite source, such as the organization’s website address, monthly newsletter, or personal communications at a meeting.
2. Identify three Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) principles you could use to work with the organization or community to address a policy change for the public policy issue. CBPR principles are evidence-based principles for group process. Research on community groups has shown that groups which use at least some of these principles (strategies) for working together are most successful in achieving the group’s goals and purpose. https://depts.washington.edu/ccph/pdf_files/CBPR_final.pdf
a) Explain how you could approach and collaborate with the organization or community. Describe how you would approach the organization you have chosen as you collaborating partner organization. Who would you contact? How would you ask for their support? How will you recruit volunteers from that group to work with you on the policy change? How often do you anticipate meeting with group members?
b) Discuss how the goal of the community or organization aligns with your goal for the selected public policy issue. Have they done work with this before? Is there something in their mission statement that demonstrates goal alignment? Cite a source for how you know this information.
c) Discuss the action steps that need to be taken to achieve your goal from part C2b. List 3-5 important action steps that you and your partners will take to educate others about the issue, to advocate for your policy, and to gain support from stakeholders. (Town hall meeting, sub-committee of you group on the subject? Arrange for meetings with other organizations or individuals who may be interested in supporting idea?)
d) Discuss the 3-5 possible roles/responsibilities of the community or organization members, including problem-solving and capacity-building roles. Identify 3-5 important roles for you group members. It helps to think about what you need the community group to do – then identify specific individuals to take on those functions i(e. meeting facilitator). Important part is to identify what group needs people to do in order to accomplish Action Steps, and then identify group members (by position or area of expertise) who have the knowledge, skills, or experience to take on those roles.
e) Discuss key elements of developing a collaborative evaluation plan, using CBPR principles. Discuss how you would use each of the three CBPR principles as you work with your community group. Provide and example of how you group might use this principle in your work. Then briefly discuss h0w using the principle will help your group meet its goal. This might look like:
The first CBPR principle we selected to use is ______________.
Our group will use this principle by doing _______________.
Using this principle will help us achieve our goals by _______________.
f) Discuss how you will evaluate the success of your community or organization plan (bottom-up approach). Discuss how you will evaluate each of the action steps. A long tem success would be evidence of actual change that you expect to see if the policy is adopted. Identify one indicator for long tem success.
D. Analyze (suggested length of 1 page) the strengths and challenges of the top-down and bottom-up approaches in achieving policy change(s) to support your selected public policy issue by doing the following:
1. Discuss the strengths of each approach to implement change for the selected public policy issue. Describe at least 1 or 2 strengths of the Top-down approach (the approach you developed in Part B) and 1 – 2 strengths of the Bottom-up approach (Part C).
2. Discuss the challenges of each approach to implement change for the selected public policy issue. Describe at least 1 or 2 challenges (weaknesses/negatives) of the Top-down approach, and 1 or 2 challenges of the Bottom-up approach.
3. Discuss which approach you would recommend as the most effective to address the selected public policy issue. Pick only ONE approach (either Top-down or Bottom-up) to recommend and provide you rationale for why you would recommend it.
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