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Discoveries in DNA, cell biology, evolution, and biotechnology have been among the major achievements in biology over the past 200 years with accelerated discoveries and insights over the last 50 years. Consider the progress we have made in these areas of human knowledge. Present at least three of the discoveries you find to be most important and describe their significance to society, health, and the culture of modern life.

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mbedkar was not a purely speculative and idealistic political philosopher, in the conventional sense, like Plato and Aristotle. Nevertheless, he developed his own social and political ideals, which were deeply rooted in real human problems and issues, and vital human affairs. His socio-political philosophy attempted to bridge the gulf between theory and practice, materialism and spiritualism. Out of his sense of dejection with the inhuman treatment meted out to his community by the caste Hindus, his mission for the total emancipation of the servile classes from the clutches of the privileged caste Hindus, his total engagement with the predicament of Indian society, evolved Ambedkar’s political ideology. The book aims to juxtapose Ambedkar’s socio-political philosophy and its impact on Indian society and polity with reference to man and society, state and government, nation and nationalism, democracy, socialism, security, social justice, education and emancipation of the downtrodden. However, other aspects of Ambedkar’s political philosophy and his charismatic personality are also incidentally covered. For Ambedkar, social and political theories are the basic need of freedom for the downtrodden people, as it would create a powerful community and nation building. Ambedkar said that social equality was a force which promises equal opportunity to all. Ambedkar’s opinion is equality in society as equality is the foundation stone where the notions of liberty and fraternity develop. He remarked that equality is the original notion and respect for human personality is a reflection of it. If equality is denied, everything else may be taken to be denied. (Jatava, 1965.77) Ambedkar also recognised the fact that the lofty ideals expressed in the Constitution would remain as they were, given the nature of contradictions inherent in society. Absence of equality on the social and economic plane is a cause of contradictions. This has resulted in a society based on the principle of graded inequality on the social plane which means elevation for some and degradation for others. On the economic plane there are some in society who have immense wealth as against many who live in abject poverty. To deny equality in social and economic life would be putting political democracy in peril. If the contradictions are not removed, those who suffer from inequality will blow up the structure of political democracy which Constituent Assembly has laboriously built up.>

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