Probability plays a major role in the medical community. Diagnoses are based on probabilities. They are really
questions or “what if’s”, and are answered by the probability that the treatment will be the best for the ailment.
Let’s look at probability in terms of both the real world and the medical community.
Survey 30 people to find out if they are left-handed or right-handed, and use the following chart to create a
contingency table with the information.
Left handed Right handed Total Female Male Total
Answer the following questions about the information in your contingency table:
If a person is randomly selected from the survey participants, what is the probability that the person will be lefthanded?
If you randomly choose a female from the people you surveyed, what is the probability that she is left-handed?
What is the odds ratio of choosing a left-handed female?
What is the relative risk of choosing a left-handed female?
Example
Green
Blue
Total
Cats
40 (A)
20 (B)
60 (A+B)
Dogs
30 (C)
40 (D)
70 (C+D)
Total
70 (A+C)
60 (B+D)
130 (A+B+C+D)
Probability of Green – (A+C)/(A+B+C+D): 70/130 = 0.54
Probability of Green Cat – A/(A+B): 40/60 = 0.67
Odds Ratio of Green Cat – (A/B)/(C/D) or AD/BC: (4040)/(2030) = 1600/600 = 2.67
Relative Risk of Green Cat – [A/(A+C)]/[B/(B+D)]: (40/70)/(20/60) = 1.71
Skim through at least one of the following articles on left-handed vs. right-handed people from the Chamberlain
Library. Answer the following question: How do the probabilities and percentages for your study compare to
those in the study you read?
Sample Solution
Ostensibly, Henrik Ibsenâs A Dollâs House and Rabindranath Tagoreâs The Home and The World are two texts that are disparate in form and subject matter, each dealing with the consequences of a rapidly changing world in different ways. However, both texts share a concern with exploring the diametric relationship between the home and the outside world. This piece aims to demonstrate how the distance between the two spaces is gradually corroded by the influence of external forces. In order to achieve this, there will first be a focus on the initial harmony of the household in each text. By comparing both Bimala and Noraâs domestic spaces it will be emphasised that Ibsenâs doll house, unlike Bimalaâs marital home, bears the marks of capitalism and financial consciousness from the outset. The discussion will then branch towards exploring the roles of Sandip and Krogstad as invasive forces that corrupt the interior of the household by introducing foreign ideas and concepts to both women. This segment will focus specifically on the ideological corruption levelled at Bimala, and the introduction of capitalist ideals that reduce Noraâs private household to a public spectacle. At this point, the essay will turn towards assessing Nora and Bimalaâs situations at the end of each text. It will reveal that they are dislodged from the sanctity of the household and must attempt to reconcile with the perils of the outside world alone. This conclusion will ultimately assert that th>
Ostensibly, Henrik Ibsenâs A Dollâs House and Rabindranath Tagoreâs The Home and The World are two texts that are disparate in form and subject matter, each dealing with the consequences of a rapidly changing world in different ways. However, both texts share a concern with exploring the diametric relationship between the home and the outside world. This piece aims to demonstrate how the distance between the two spaces is gradually corroded by the influence of external forces. In order to achieve this, there will first be a focus on the initial harmony of the household in each text. By comparing both Bimala and Noraâs domestic spaces it will be emphasised that Ibsenâs doll house, unlike Bimalaâs marital home, bears the marks of capitalism and financial consciousness from the outset. The discussion will then branch towards exploring the roles of Sandip and Krogstad as invasive forces that corrupt the interior of the household by introducing foreign ideas and concepts to both women. This segment will focus specifically on the ideological corruption levelled at Bimala, and the introduction of capitalist ideals that reduce Noraâs private household to a public spectacle. At this point, the essay will turn towards assessing Nora and Bimalaâs situations at the end of each text. It will reveal that they are dislodged from the sanctity of the household and must attempt to reconcile with the perils of the outside world alone. This conclusion will ultimately assert that th>
