Healthcare has become more complex owing to expanding co-morbidities, aging population, and increase in available options for health interventions. Management of complex and chronic diseases like diabetes and renal failure constitutes a prime burden of health care globally. In order to enhance patient outcomes, guiding principles of chronic conditions have gained relevance and prominence in recent times. These principles include advocacy, self-care, and patient empower.

Self-management refers to the ability of the individual to manage the disease process, the changes that take place in daily living and the emotional corollaries of living with the condition. The self-management framework acknowledges that individuals must deal with both the disease and its consequences, and the effect it imposes on own life. It recognizes the core role of the patient/family in disease prevention, health promotion and effective disease management.

The guiding principles behind self-management are patient-led, nurse-facilitated processes, otherwise called patient-centered care. This requires that care planning for each patient to be personalized so that their individual needs, choices, and prevalence are met (Trehearne, 2014). In regard to Luigi’s case, the nurse should involve the patient /family in decision making by way of………

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