Research methodology

This research is conducted in such a way that it precisely explains the theory which the study uses. The research presents a study which is conducted through a series of procedures with a main aim of answering the research questions and as per the objectives and hypotheses of the study (Takhar-Lail & Ghorbani, 2015). In the study of the contribution of the different conditioning of physical exercise to the survivors of colorectal patients, the research employs a qualitative approach to establish the basis of facts and figures.

The researcher followed a systematized review as research design to meet the research question, aim and objectives. Formulation of the research objectives and research questions was based on the research paradigm which guides the culture and the views concerning the effectiveness of the research (Takhar-Lail & Ghorbani, 2015). Additionally, literature review is key in the quality research findings since the knowledge extracted from the existing literature is key in the enlightenment of the current ideologies concerning the colorectal cancer survival and effective therapies (Bibbins-Domingo et al., 2016). The systematic review by the researcher helped in the boosting of the general outcome of the research though quality findings and making of valid conclusions based on the standards of research and literature reviews.

To serve the research question, quantitative research studies comprise the sample in this review; accordingly, the review includes randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and other controlled studies as such designs have less bias in the internal validity(O’Brien & Saldanha, 2014). Quantitative studies provide the best evidence of a causal relationship between the intervention and the outcome effect, such as that between exercises and the outcome of improved physical fitness.

The quantitative research studies follow a deductive approach (i.e. they “apply scientific theory to the reality”), which originates from the philosophical paradigm. Quantitative research is an experimental design research, the theoretical perspective used is positivism or/and post-positivism (this review will include quantitative studies that tested the theory that exercise has an impact on the physical fitness of colorectal cancer patients. The ontological assumption in quantitative research is objectivist, or realist, which means that facts have an objective reality. The researcher assumes that there are some realities, i.e. physical exercise, that exist and may affect the physical fitness of individuals with colorectal cancer.

Design and Methods

The research design used in the study is the cross-sectional research study to analyze the impacts of physical exercise in the health of the colorectal cancer. The research seeks to find the actual cause of the differences and deviations of healing process of the colorectal survivors with the application of different levels of physical exertion (Dickerson et al., 2018). The research utilizes qualitative analysis of the results of the different outcomes of the patients who are diagnose d with the colorectal cancers and involve in the monitored physical exercise and the differences in the medical outcome which is cancer chemotherapy. The difference in the response is the basis and key foundation of the research since the focus of the methodology is to determine and effective response criteria which is key in the making of a valid conclusion for standard therapeutic conducts for the people with colorectal carcinoma.

The methods used it he study are both qualitative and quantitative based on the way data is collected and retrieved from the study (O’Brien & Saldanha, 2014). The study involved different data collection techniques to obtain quality information from the affected population who are suffering for the colorectal cancer and those who have been treated with the chemotherapeutic agents. The use of questionnaires, interviews and observation was useful in the study to obtain the information for a perfect analysis of the problem. The methods of data collection fist considered carefully selected sample from the population with a reflection to the research paradigm hence the study group was limited to the patients who have ever been diagnosed with colorectal cancer. A good research methodology must be coherent with the research paradigm for quality of the information which is gained from the research.

On the other hand, in depth literary analysis was used in the research to unveil the hidden information which could be important to the topic of study (O’Brien & Saldanha, 2014). The role of controlled physical exercise in improving the outcome of colorectal therapies cannot be underestimated. The analysis of the existing literature helped a lot in the acquisition of information and providing direction of the study. Additionally, the contribution enhanced quality in the level of the findings since the evidence backup increased and hence the overall quality of the studies.

Methods are the procedures used to collect the data needed to answer the research question or test the hypotheses (Zhang et al., 2014). The research question in this case was formulated using the PICO method, which is designed for questions of therapeutic interventions. The abbreviation stands for population, which in this case is comprised of colorectal cancer patients; intervention, which refers to exercise; the comparative intervention, which is the types of exercise available; and the outcomes, which refer to the physical fitness that has been measured.

Once a research question is formulated based on the PICO method, establishing a clear, systematic search strategy is important to select suitable, relevant, and effective literature. This systematic search strategy will allow identification of the relevant studies and improve the quality of this review.

The selection of studies to include in this systematic review will be done in two stages: The first stage is to carry out an electronic database search based on the PICO method for the proposed question. The second stage is to create a systematic map to look for eligible studies by using inclusion/exclusion criteria.

 First Stage

The first stage of making the choices of incusing or excluding materials into the study involved a number of procedures which include observation as to whether specific quality standards are met. The articles and resources must be related to the colorectal cancer cases, they must address the consequences of physical activity to the general population and make sure that the quality life improvement standards are observed. The articles which do not meet the criteria got excluded while those with the requirement were included t help in deeper research concerning the colorectal cancer.