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We will be using the Three Mile Island incident to demonstrate how a Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction (THERP) analysis is done. First, take a look at this Summary Sheet on THERP (PDF) hosted by Alion’s System Reliability Center website.

Next do the following activities. Steps 1-3 of the Summary Sheet on THERP are given below as a guide for your THERP analysis:

Step 1: Define the system or process. This involves describing the system goals and functions and the consequences of not achieving them. It also requires identifying mission, personnel, and hardware/software characteristics.

The “Meltdown on Three Mile Island” video in Module 1 gave you an understanding of the situation on that fateful day, Wednesday, March 28, 1979. Review the video if needed (use time segment 3:15 – 4:10 to focus on the key aspects needed for this assignment).

Step 2: Identify and list all the human operations performed and their relationships to the system or process tasks and functions. This requires an analysis of all operator and maintainer tasks.

Take a look at the human operations depicted in the Fault Tree (PDF) of what occurred in segment 3:15 – 4:10 of the video.

Step 3: Predict error rates for each human operation or group of operations. Errors likely to be made in each task or subtask must be identified. Errors that are not significant in terms of system operation are ignored. This step includes estimating the likelihood of each error occurring and the likelihood of an error not being detected.

For this step, use the Event Tree (PDF) provided to fill in the error rates.

Determine the basis human error probability (HEP) based on the event tree provided. You will be using data found in the NRC: Handbook of Human Reliability Analysis with Emphasis on Nuclear Power Plant Applications (PDF) (NUREG/CR-1278). Go to Chapter 20 to see how to use the THERP tables to locate probability values.

For this case, the data sources in the NUREG/CR-1278 tables are shown for each action in the table below. Given that the operators omitted a procedural step from a long (>10 items) list of procedures, what should the Basic Human Error Probability (HEP) for each action be?

ActionsHEP (error factor)

Data Source in

NUREG/CR-1278

Operators fail to restore signal power

20-7 (2)

Operators fail to restore power to controls

20-7 (2)

Operators fail to close the relief valve

20-13 (2)

Operators fail to close the drain valve

20-13 (2)

Upload your event tree with associated Basic HEP for each branch of the tree.

Sample Solution

This page of the exposition has 2111 words. Download the full form above. The United States is home to probably the most famous and productive sequential executioners ever. Names, for example, Ted Bundy, Gary Ridgeway, and the Zodiac Killer have become easily recognized names because of the awful idea of their wrongdoings. One of the most productive sequential executioners in American history is John Wayne Gacy. Nicknamed the Killer Clown due to his calling, Gacy assaulted and killed at any rate 33 adolescent young men and youngsters somewhere in the range of 1972 and 1978, which is one of the most elevated realized casualty tallies. Gacy’s story has become so notable that his violations have been included in mainstream society and TV appears, for example, American Horror Story: Hotel and Criminal Minds. Measurable science has, and keeps on playing, a significant job in the explaining of the case and recognizable proof of the people in question. John Wayne Gacy’s history of sexual and psychological mistreatment was instrumental in arousing agent’s curiosity of him as a suspect. John Wayne Gacy was conceived on March 17, 1942, in Chicago, Illinois. Being the main child out of three youngsters, Gacy had a stressed relationship with his dad, who drank intensely and was frequently injurious towards the whole family (Sullivan and Maiken 48). In 1949, a contractual worker, who was a family companion, would caress Gacy during rides in his truck; notwithstanding, Gacy never uncovered these experiences to his folks because of a paranoid fear of retaliation from his dad (Foreman 54). His dad’s mental maltreatment proceeded into his young grown-up years, and Gacy moved to Las Vegas where he worked quickly in the rescue vehicle administration before turning into a funeral home chaperon (Sullivan and Maiken 50). As a morgue orderly, Gacy was intensely associated with the preserving procedure and conceded that one night, he moved into the final resting place of an expired high school kid and touched the body (Cahill and Ewing 46). Stunned at himself, Gacy comes back to Chicago to live with his family and graduates from Northwestern Business College in 1963, and acknowledges an administration student position with Nunn-Bush Shoe Company. In 1964, Gacy is moved to Springfield and meets his future spouse, Marlynn Myers. In Springfield, Gacy has his subsequent gay experience when a colleague unsteadily performed oral sex on him (London 11:7). Gacy moves to Waterloo, Iowa, and starts a family with Myers. Be that as it may, after normally undermining his better half with whores, Gacy submits his previously known rape in 1967 upon Donald Vorhees. In the coming months, Gacy explicitly mishandles a few different adolescents and is captured and accused of oral homosexuality (Sullivan and Maiken 60). On December 3, 1968, Gacy is indicted and condemned to ten years at the Anamosa State Penitentiary. Gacy turns into a model detainee at Anamosa and is conceded parole in June of 1970, a negligible year and a half after his condemning. He had to move to Chicago and live with his mom and watch a 10:00PM check in time. Not exactly a year later, Gacy is accused again of explicitly attacking an adolescent kid however the young didn’t show up in court, so the charges were dropped. Gacy was known by numerous individuals in his locale to be a devoted volunteer and being dynamic in network legislative issues. His job as “Pogo the Clown” the jokester started in 1975 when Gacy joined a nearby “Chipper Joker” comedian club that consistently performed at gathering pledges occasions. On January 3, 1972, Gacy submits his first homicide of Timothy McCoy, a 16-year old kid venturing out from Michigan to Omaha. Guaranteeing that McCoy went into his room employing a kitchen blade, Gacy gets into a physical squabble with McCoy before wounding him more than once in the chest. In the wake of understanding that McCoy had absentmindedly strolled into the stay with the blade while attempting to get ready breakfast, Gacy covers the body in his creep space. Gacy conceded in the meetings following his capture that executing McCoy gave him a “mind-desensitizing climax”, expressing that this homicide was the point at which he “understood demise was a definitive rush” (Cahill and Ewing 349). Just about 2 years after the fact, Gacy submits his second homicide of a unidentified young person. Gacy choked the kid before stuffing the body in his storage room before covering him (Cahill 349). In 1975, Gacy’s business was developing rapidly and his craving for youngsters developed with it. Gacy frequently tricked youngsters under his work to his home, persuading them to place themselves in cuffs, and assaulting and tormenting them before choking them (Cahill 169-170). The majority of Gacy’s homicides occurred somewhere in the range of 1976 and 1978, the first of this time occurring in April 1976. Huge numbers of the adolescents that were killed during this time were covered in a creep space under Gacy’s home. For the rest of the homicides, Gacy confessed to losing five bodies the I-55 scaffold into the Des Plaines River; in any case, just four of the bodies were ever recuperated (Linedecker 152). In December 1978, Gacy meets Robert Jerome Piest, a 15-year old kid working at a drug store and extends to him an employment opportunity at Gacy’s firm. Piest educates his mom regarding this and neglects to restore that night. The Piest family documents a missing individual’s report and the drug specialist illuminates police that Gacy would in all likelihood be the man that Jerome addressed about an occupation. When addressed by the police, Gacy denied any inclusion in Piest’s vanishing. In any case, the police were not persuaded, and Gacy’s history of sexual maltreatment and battery incited the police to look through his home. Among the things found at Gacy’s home were a 1975 secondary school class ring with the initials J.A.S., numerous driver’s licenses, binds, dress that was unreasonably little for Gacy, and a receipt for the drug store that Piest had worked at. Throughout the following not many days, agents got different calls and tips about Gacy’s rapes and the strange vanishings of Gacy’s representatives. The class ring was in the end followed back to John A. Szyc, one of Gacy’s casualties in 1977. Futhermore, after inspecting Gacy’s vehicle, specialists found a little group of strands looking like human hair, which were sent to the labs for additional examination. That equivalent night, search hounds were utilized to distinguish any hint of Piest in Gacy’s vehicle, and one of the canines demonstrated that Piest had, truth be told, been available in the vehicle. On December 20, 1977, under the pressure of consistent police observation and examination, Gacy admits to more than 30 homicides and advises his legal counselor and companion where the bodies were covered, both in the slither space and the stream. 26 casualties were found in the creep space and 4 in the stream. Gacy is captured, indicted for 33 killings, and condemned to death by deadly infusion. He endeavored a madness supplication yet was denied, and was executed on May 10, 1994. There were a few criminological markers that specialists used to attach Gacy to the killings. A portion of these include fiber examination, dental and radiology records, utilizing the deterioration procedure of the human body, and facial remaking in distinguishing the people in question. Examiners discovered filaments that took after human hair in both Gacy’s vehicle and close to the slither space where the bodies were covered. Notwithstanding these hair tests, examiners additionally discovered strands that contained hints of Gacy’s blood and semen in a similar territory. Blood having a place with the casualties was found on a portion of the filaments, which would later straightforwardly attach Gacy to the wrongdoings. The filaments in Gacy’s vehicle were broke down by scientific researchers and coordinated Piest’s hair tests. Moreover, the hunt hounds that established that Piest had been in Gacy’s vehicle demonstrated this by a “demise response”, which told specialists that Piest’s dead body had been within Gacy’s vehicle. Out of Gacy’s 33 known casualties, just 25 were ever convincingly distinguished.>

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