Imagine that you just graduated from Harvard Law School and have started working at the Latina/o Civil Rights Law Firm of Los Angeles. Chancellor Block has just changed UCLAâs admissions policy to promote greater student body diversity. Knowing that you have some experience in constitutional law related to affirmative action, the executive director of the Latina/o Civil Rights Law Firm asks you to evaluate whether or not Chancellor Blockâs new policy is constitutional.
Chancellor Blockâs admissions policy is called âBruin Diversity.â There are three stated goals of âBruin Diversityâ:
- Reduction of the historic deficit of Latinas/os, African Americans, and Native Americans at UCLA.
- To remedy the effects of societal discrimination against Latinas/os, African Americans, Native Americans, and other ethnic minority groups in the current hostile political climate.
- To obtain the educational benefits that flow from an ethnically diverse student body.
According to âBruin Diversity,â applications will be reviewed based upon the following criteria:
- High school grades (30 points maximum)
- Standardized test scores (30 points maximum)
- High school quality (10 points maximum)
- Curriculum strength (10 points maximum)
- Geography (10 points maximum)
- Leadership (10 points maximum)
- Miscellaneous (15 points maximum)
QUESTION ONE
Is the Bruin Diversity Plan legal according to Prop 209 and Coalition for Economic Equity v. Wilson? Why or why not? In your answer take into consideration only traditional equal protection clause analysis. Donât worry about structural equal protection analysis. 1 page, double-spaced.
QUESTION TWO
If Proposition 209 was eliminated, would the Bruin Diversity Plan be constitutional according to the Equal Protection Clause? 5 pages, double-spaced.
Your answer should address the following key issues:
- Is the Bruin Diversity Plan justified by a compelling interest? Which of the stated goals can be considered compelling? Why or why not?
1-1.5 pages.
- Is the Bruin Diversity Plan narrowly tailored? 2-3 pages.
QUESTION THREE
In the Grutter case of 2003, Justice Sandra Day OâConnor stated:
“We expect that 25 years from now, the use of racial preferences will no longer be necessary to further the interest approved today.”
Based upon what you have learned in this course, do you think that affirmative action is necessary today in university admissions, employment, and/or government contracting? Why or why not? You may also choose to include a discussion of gender in your response.
Sample Solution
The term âpolymeric nanoparticleâ encompasses nanospheres and nanocapsules. Nanospheres are defined as a polymeric matrix in which the drug is homogeneously dispersed (typically as a solid solution in polymer) and nanocapsules are described as a polymeric membrane that surrounds the drug in the matrix core[80] (either as a solid solution or a solution in oil). Advantages of polymeric nanoparticles include: [81, 82] (1) improve the stability of any volatile pharmaceutical agents, simply and economically fabricated in large quantities by a huge number of methods, (2) they present a significant improvement over conventional oral and intravenous routes of administration in terms of efficiency and effectiveness, (3) delivers a higher concentration of pharmaceutical agent to the required location, (4) the selection of polymer and the capability of modifying drug release from polymeric nanoparticles have made them typical choice for cancer therapy, delivery of vaccines, contraceptives and delivery of targeted antibiotics and (5) Polymeric nanoparticles can be easily included into other activities related to drug delivery, such as tissue engineering. In nanoparticles formulations wide variety of polymers can be used according to the nature of drug and usage. (i.e.) Biodegradable polymers for short term therapy (e.g. Chemotherapeutic agents) and non-biodegradable polymers for long term therapy (e.g. Vaccines) [83]. The PNPs are obtained from synthetic polymers, such as poly- Æ-caprolactone [84], po>
The term âpolymeric nanoparticleâ encompasses nanospheres and nanocapsules. Nanospheres are defined as a polymeric matrix in which the drug is homogeneously dispersed (typically as a solid solution in polymer) and nanocapsules are described as a polymeric membrane that surrounds the drug in the matrix core[80] (either as a solid solution or a solution in oil). Advantages of polymeric nanoparticles include: [81, 82] (1) improve the stability of any volatile pharmaceutical agents, simply and economically fabricated in large quantities by a huge number of methods, (2) they present a significant improvement over conventional oral and intravenous routes of administration in terms of efficiency and effectiveness, (3) delivers a higher concentration of pharmaceutical agent to the required location, (4) the selection of polymer and the capability of modifying drug release from polymeric nanoparticles have made them typical choice for cancer therapy, delivery of vaccines, contraceptives and delivery of targeted antibiotics and (5) Polymeric nanoparticles can be easily included into other activities related to drug delivery, such as tissue engineering. In nanoparticles formulations wide variety of polymers can be used according to the nature of drug and usage. (i.e.) Biodegradable polymers for short term therapy (e.g. Chemotherapeutic agents) and non-biodegradable polymers for long term therapy (e.g. Vaccines) [83]. The PNPs are obtained from synthetic polymers, such as poly- Æ-caprolactone [84], po>
