Abstract

The research looks at the work of the James Bond actors since 1960s. The actor performed his 007 series with Barry Nelson, Sean Connery, Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton, Daniel Craig, David Niven George Lazenby and Pierce Brosnan. The study draws upon generally essential sources, including diaries, distributed letters, and a complete gathering of the film series. Most of the studies on 007 series film focus on the connection between the different series produced in relation to the famous film series that have the highest grossing value. The focus demonstrates the influence of 007 series, films to the UK for the production of the series.

The article inspects exactly how the American social administration works through the medium of film of the James Bond 007 motion picture arrangements. It is obvious that American values are diffused over all through the film industry (Hesmondhalgh, 2005). The 007 series of films is a gem that effectively changed in accordance with the Hollywood framework where American capital and structure wins. The films are controlled by U.S. sponsoring and reflect American perspectives clearly. Between the lines in the scripts, film goers are asked in connection the United States with positive thus genuine values and acknowledge American’s predominant position (Curran and Gurevitch, 2005). The researchers of this study contend that the 007 series film arrangement fulfills certain conditions to diffuse and replicate American administration. In addition, since the arrangement reflects diverse parts of the worldwide environment, it is a suitable case to speculate about power in movies and their influence in the UK.

 

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction. 5

1.1.     Purpose of the study. 5

1.2.     Background. 5

1.3.     Statement of the Problem.. 7

1.4.     Limitations of the study. 8

1.5. Significance of the study. 8

Chapter 2: Literature Review.. 9

Chapter 3 Research Methodology. 11

3.1. Research Design. 11

3.2. Population. 11

3.3. Sample. 12

3.4. Data collection. 13

3.5. Data Analysis. 15

3.6. Expected Results. 15

Chapter 4: Results. 16

4.1. Introduction. 16

4.2. Gender 16

4.3. Level of Education. 17

4.4. Age Group. 18

4.5. Monthly Income. 19

4.6. Series Watched. 20

4.7. Influence on Belief. 21

4.8. Degree of Influence. 22

4.9. Glorification of Violence. 22

4.10. Terrorism.. 24

4.11. Impact on Social Life. 25

4.12. Acquisition of the Film.. 25

Chapter 5: Discussion. 27

5.1. Introduction. 27

5.2. Influence on Religious and Political Beliefs. 27

5.3. Influence on Personal and Social Life. 31

5.4. Glorification of Violence. 36

References. 45

 

 

 

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1.Purpose of the study

The purpose of this academic research is to determine the effects of 007 series movies in the UK. The study will help us comprehend movies and the methodologies through which they are made and devoured. Film scholars mount clarifications for why movies are the way they are. Additionally, they are keen understanding the reason the movies were made in such a fashion. Moreover, they want to comprehend the reason they have such a level of viewership.  The study will also pose certain questions that require explanations and answer. The interpretation of the questions will depend on the aspects of the film style, structure, and the themes contribute to the overall significance to the society.

The research offers a human-oriented focus on film series as multimodal discourses and cultural practices. It acknowledges the effects of film series on media contents. The themes include the convergence of films and information technologies and digitalization of politics and religious differences. Today film studies exist worldwide as an order with particular schools committed to it. The parts of film studies have developed to envelop various strategies for showing history, culture and society. Numerous human sciences colleges and contain courses, particularly intended for the investigation of a film. Also embodying the expanded differences of film studies is the way that secondary schools over the United States offer classes in video form hypothesis. Numerous projects conjoin film studies with media and TV studies, taking learning from all parts of visual generation in the methodology.

1.2.Background

The 007 films are widely distributed throughout the UK. In 1953, the artistic world was acquainted with the anecdotal British Mystery Service specialist James Bond, a.k.a. 007. The character was brought about by creator Ian Fleming, who endless supply of his encounters as a British Naval Intelligence officer amid World War II. Fleming had composed 12 James Bond books and nine short stories before he passed on from heart illness in 1964. Fleming’s 007 books made moderate progress and discriminating praise; then again, what launches James Bond into the pantheon of social symbols was the presentation of the character depicted via Sean Connery in 1962’s “Dr. No.” As of 2013, there have been 23 authorities James Bond movies created and discharged by Eon Productions, six performing artists have the tuxedo as 007, and various social impacts can be attributed to the mysterious operators (Weiner, Whitfield, and Becker, 2011). The movies have delighted in tremendous achievement and ubiquity traversing their 50-year residency. At the point when not conforming for inflation, the Bond establishment is positioned number two on the rundown of most effective film establishments around the world, behind the “Harry Potter” movies or more the “Star Wars” movies. It has been assessed that around 20% of the world’s population have seen no less than one James Bond film (Yeffeth and Wilson, 2006).

Similarly, James Bond has been the subject of scholastic talk. For illustration, Christoph Lindner altered the 2010 book The James Bond, Marvel: A Critical Reader, which is a paper accumulation giving hypothetical viewpoints on James Bond as a social figure. Daniel Savoye’s 2013 book, The Signs of James Bond: Semiotic Explorations in the World of 007 series gives a basic examination of the conventional components that embody James Bond movies. There additionally have been college points courses that investigate subjects and issues passed on through the James Bond movies and books. Such courses have been offered at Michigan College, Thiel College, as well as Missouri State University.

Additionally, the researchers’ objective is based on the concept of film associated with things audiences are well conversant with the film series and can be used to determine the impact on the society. This study hypothesized that due to the fact 007 series of films have great influence ridicule those films considered by the society to be modern icons of positive impact. 007 series, films must be considered in the literature review context, so as to prove the hypothesis. The first context is to understand the emergence, popularity, and high gross market growth; focusing on the first of the UK film series. The study will also consider 007 series films in the context of media research.

The majority of the research surrounding James Bond film series has been based upon film theory, which questions the implications and motivations of such film series in the society. In most recent years, film theory has developed as a counterpoint to the negative influence of the film series. However,  new films being produced, 007 series of films have yet to be investigated in depth, and limited sources are available in them, which is the key reason for the movie to be focused on this study as it will provide a new aspect to the continuing research surrounding film productions.

1.3.Statement of the Problem

According to the 007 series of films, James Bond seeks to provide people with sociological, political and religious factors that influence their way of living and how to overcome the challenges. Since a greater percentage of people spend a significant amount of time watching the films. However, people get addicted to watching movies; emulate both negative and positive impacts of the movie.

In response to this particular problem, the study proposes to investigate the influence of 007 series films in the UK. An inclusive plan has been devised to carry out a participatory investigation into measures that should be taken and different methods that can be employed to determine the impact of films in the society today. The study will also consider less expensive ways to determine some of the impacts. Hence, the need arises to examine the influence of 007 series films. The viewers will sharpen their focus on perception and discover the components of the Bond movies they have never viewed as, giving unique experiences into the advancement of James Bond as a character, a symbol, furthermore, the best film arrangement ever.

1.4. Limitations of the study

The following are some the disadvantages relative to the method of research employed. The limitations may include;

1. Film analysis only provides a superficial analysis. It does not completely take account of the richness of the audience responses.
2. The research can be time-consuming given the size and the unstructured nature of the data of the quantitative analysis.
3. Use of the internet to collect data can over represent the sample of audience feedback leading to the biased interpretation of data.
4. Loss of non-verbal communication affects the interpretation of the data collected.

1.5. Significance of the study

The research study will provide essential information on the influence of 007 series films on the issues of violence, terrorism and religious differences. Further, the research would also be a review in the James Bond series of films and Christoph Lindner based on the UK, particularly on the film production industry. This study would be beneficial to the UK on social issues in the states as the study enhances the knowledge of the actors and film users about the impact of 007 series films. The film is one important source of entertainment and education themes that need to be incorporated into the teaching curriculum. Notably, it would expectedly heighten the awareness of the film industry and the audiences to keep a counterattack on the negative impact. To the future researchers, this study can act as a baseline on the recent status of 007 series films.

 

 

Chapter 2: Literature Review

Film studies throughout the world exist in more than 20 nations. Because of the high cost of film creation, underdeveloped countries are left alone in the movie business particularly in the scholastic setting. Notwithstanding this more prosperous nation can study film in all the parts of film studies. Outside movies made to achieve frequently some United States group of audiences as a result of remote film schools (Lindlof and Taylor, 2011). The control of film studies ends up being all inclusive, with the UK specifically encountering rising enthusiasm with each new scholastic year. 13% of film courses offered in the UK are concentrated particularly on Film Theory, yet it is additionally a key part of numerous different courses.

In fact, Ian Fleming’s James Bond turned into a notable character that epitomized style, class and durability; more than forty years in the wake of making his wide screen make a big appearance on movie screens. Alongside these attributes, he has issued a permit to execute from her Majesty’s mystery administration. Since Dr No in 1962, the film arrangement has turned into one of the best known and fruitful in film history. With its special mix of brutal, sex and activity, every Bond film would turn into an overall occasion upon its discharge (Lindner, 2009). Specialists 007 would go head to head against evil villains, bed- lovely ladies go to the most extraordinary areas and have the coolest toys and shiniest autos readily available, at the same time never getting a wrinkle in his fancy suit.

The most recent 007 series, films incorporates twenty-three movies, with the latest, Skyfall, produced in October 2012. The 2008 Bond film “Quantum of Solace” highlighted more than twice the same number of violent acts as the first portion, analysts reported in the December issue of the diary Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (Ferreras Savoye, 2013). Furthermore, the 2008 film discovered Bond or his enemies three times as liable to take part in serious violence, for example, utilizing a weapon as in the past films. Our brains are sufficiently complex to make qualifications about what goes ahead in a fictional world and what goes ahead in real life (Gillespie, 2005). Researchers have discovered that brutality has gotten to be progressively prominently in the movies after some time, with twice the same number of brutal acts and three times the same number of genuine ones.

Currently, the United Kingdom is amongst the countries which have become primary targets for terrorist outfits from across the globe. In fact, the residents of this particular country have become victims of the terror attacks that are being orchestrated in the United Kingdom and across the world. Notably, the fundamental intention of terrorists is to disrupt the rule of law and promote fear. In effect, the leaders of terrorist outfits such as Al Qaeda, ISIS, and ISIL among other are keen on recruiting new members on a regular basis. For the years, such terrorist outfits used to recruit members from the Middle East. However, they have widened their scope over time. It is reported that the terrorist groups are developing terrorist cells is some of the countries in Europe. The United Kingdom has become a major target for terrorist groups that are seeking to enhance their labor force. Surprisingly, such terrorist outfits are recruiting some of the residents of the United Kingdom. It is argued that most of them are keen on hiring young people. Arguably, it is easier to recruit the youth than adults because they are likely to believe the propaganda being spread by the terrorists. In consequence, the government has reported that its officials have noticed an increase in the number of young people who are immigrating to countries such as Syria, Iraq, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.  Such countries are known as safe havens for terrorist groups which imply that some of the young people who are immigrating to such countries might have been recruited by the extremist groups. In consequence, terrorism has become an issue of public concern in the United Kingdom.

In the year two thousand and one, Tony Blair managed to convince the House of Commons to allow the British troops to take part in the War in Afghanistan. The war was aimed at destroying the terrorist heaven that existed in Afghanistan as well as ends the Taliban regime in this region. Tony Blair was a good friend of both former presidents Bill Clinton and President George W. Bush (at the time). As a result, of this, the United States of America and the United Kingdom displayed good relationship. This contributed immensely to the agreement of the two countries to carry out a joint operation in Afghanistan.

In the year two thousand and three, Tony Blair again managed to convince the House of Commons that Britain should take part in the Iraq War. The sole purpose of Iraq War was to destroy the facilities that Iraq was using to build weapons of mass destruction which both the governments of United States of America and the United Kingdom believe to be posing an enormous threat to world security.

Unarguably, the definition and understanding of terrorism and its nature heavily dependent on the political, legal and social contexts in which it is assessed. Individuals, organized groups, and even governments across the world have over time have used terrorism for their ends, which has effectively made it increasingly difficult to define accurately and apply it to the rapidly changing contexts. Descriptions of terrorism have ranged from criminal acts that are intentioned to cause a state fear or terror among the public, some, individuals or groups of people for political or other unjustifiable philosophical, racial, ideological, coercive diplomacy, religious, etc. It refers to the purposeful and indiscriminate employment of actual or threatened coercion, force, intimidation and/or coercion to inflict fear in order to attain political, economic religious and ideological objectives that are unjustified under established law or reason. Terrorism is regarded as the asymmetrical conflicts designed to inflict psychological fear and terror through the non-combatants’ destruction and violent victimization.

Correspondingly, the definitions of terrorism seek to highlight several aspects, including psychology, strategy and ideology, which are the driving forces behind the violence and other inducements of fear or terror. While the specific reasons may range from personal to national interests, or the interaction of both personal and national needs. The emergence of Al-Qaeda, the Lord’s Resistance Army in Uganda, the Basque Separatist Movement ETA has led to the emergence of wholly new definitions. These include the repeated employment or threatened employment of political, ideological, religious, etc., and secretively organized violence by an individual or groups to induce a psychological effect that the actions are intended. This definition includes torture, violent attacks and other cats that are only geared to achieve a certain desired psychological effect in the victims or other people towards supporting the views, etc. of the perpetrators.

Terrorism from a psychological perspective can never be acceptable, but other aspects of terror have variously been seen in a positive light.  Ideologies refer to beliefs, principles or values by which a person or group defines its goals and objectives. It encompasses or stems from religion, politics, programs, personal convictions or other sources. There have a variety of terrorist groups that have been driven by ideologies and include the Sri Lanka’s Tamil Tigers, Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood, and Irish Republican Army. These terrorist organizations seek to accomplish ideologically inspired goals, including reunification of territories, independence and religious freedoms among others. Ideological terrorism is equally inexcusable irrespective of the circumstances of the attacks. The United Nations’ Resolutions against terrorism that is inspired by ideology are legally prohibited. The UN unequivocally condemns all forms of ideological terrorism, practices, and methods as both unjustifiable and criminal, regardless of the person that perpetuates it. Using terror to impose or defend one’s ideologies amounts to ideological bullying of other people, and by the very act of bloody terror, it amounts to denying other people the very factors that people seek to avoid or gain.

The third perspective of terrorism amounts to logical extensions of failed politics and other systems of justice or achievement of desirable goals for an individual or group of people. Whenever people desire to address their respective grievances through the accepted legal, political, etc. channels, they anticipate receiving what they seek according to the existing laws and logic. If however, it is impossible to achieve their ends through the acceptable means, because of the structural difficulties, political disadvantage, corruption or other difficulties, it is likely that they will resort to other means that may be unacceptable, illegal or violence. Terrorism that arises from this is largely strategic and is driven by a careful analysis of the goals of an individual, group or nation, coupled with the identification of ways to achieve those goals according to the relative likelihood of success of every strategy.

Terrorism in this case normally arises out of desperation, if victory is beyond the reach of a group that believes in its objectives, and it is strategically helpful in meeting them. In 1913 for instance, Germany sank a US civilian ship that was thought to have been sending weapons and military supplies to its enemies. Germany was struggling to prevent the inevitable defeat in the costly conflict, and even though it was both wrong and illegal to sink a civilian tanker, they opted to sink it if that would (i) affect the psyche of the American People and (ii) prevent the supplies from reaching the battlefields. While the legitimacy of this remains dubious, South Africa’s African National Congress under Nelson Mandela and other Black leaders frequently employed terrorism in order to fight the Apartheid regime. Apartheid/racial discrimination was/is illegal under international, and the then colonial government employed ruthless tactics to defeat black populations that fought against the system. The government’s strategies were illegal, and since it was better armed and enjoying the benefits of the state instruments, it was impossible for black movements to make any headway. They effectively employed terrorism. This form of terrorism is legitimate.

Arguably, the 007 Series have played a significant role with respect to discouraging terrorism in the United Kingdom. Although, the films that constitute the 007 Series are primarily produced for the purpose of entertainment. Notably, the films are based on a character that is known as James Bond, who is a special agent. James Bond works for the intelligence agency of the United Kingdom that is known as the MI6. The movie displays nature of lengths and the types of measures that the intelligence service puts in place so as to protect the country. The primary role of James Bond is to thwart major threats by pursuing the individuals who are intending to perpetrate them. The effectiveness and prowess of James Bond facilitate him to prevent such attacks within a comparatively short duration given that he is highly trained by the intelligence service. In effect, the 007 series has been instrumental in facilitating the society to develop the notion that the law enforcement agencies are highly effective in terms of combating crime. As a result, a substantive number of the individuals who have been targeted as recruits of terrorist outfits refuse to join them because they know that they are not likely to succeed. Such individuals appreciate that the United Kingdom has one of the most powerful law enforcement agencies which are capable of thwarting most of the attacks targeting the country. Due to this facet, the 007 series indirectly discourages the young people from joining such organizations given that their primary aim is to cause havoc and promote political instability in countries throughout the globe.

A name or a brand in today’s world plays a significant role in a company’s success. The brand is the kind of name the company has cut out for itself among its customers in the market. Every commodity in the world has its brand name something, that aspect that distinguishes it from its competitors. Therefore, for a product to create its brand name, it must focus its advertising to satisfy a particular section of the market. Branding began when competition arose, and similar products started being made thus the need for differentiation arose. In our current world for a brand to cut a niche or even be known in the market a substantial amount of marketing has to take place. Brand marketing, however, is being done like never before, name organisations are identifying some of the most famous celebrities and sportsmen and paying them to represent them. Notably, that kind of marketing is referred to as brand marketing. Celebrity and athletes alike have a similar trait that is their ability to influence their followers especially in purchasing of trendy clothes. Most people are attracted to the product when a celebrity or beautiful model advertises it; therefore, the products tend to be associated with the product.

Evidently, the various famous personalities who endorse a brand have direct implications for its overall success. In the contemporary world, a significant portion of the population places particular importance on media personalities. It is largely because they are mainly considered to be living an ideal kind of lifestyle. As such, the fans of such media personalities tend to be interested in procuring products or services that have been endorsed by them. It is normally in a bid to gain a taste of the type of services or products that are enjoyed by such personalities. Currently, the business environment is characterised by a comparatively high degree of competition. Thus, commercial entities are always devising avenues that will enable them to realise a competitive advantage. Brand equity is amongst the most suitable channels that facilitate companies to acquire a competitive advantage. For years, companies have been keen on fostering partnership agreements with some of the media personalities so as to enhance the appeal of their brand. The various individuals who are appointed as brand ambassadors need to exhibit the certain type of behaviours so as to maintain their relationship with their clients. In the occurrence that an endorsee displays a character that has negative implications on a brand, the relevant corporations are likely to cut links with such an individual. It is a stratagem that aims at ensuring that the organisation maintains its brand equity.

Over the years, the world of commerce has been characterized by a broad range of transformations. In this time, customers are categorical about the nature of services or goods they want to procure. It is an attribute that has compelled most of the companies to go back to the drawing boards so as to formulate strategies that will facilitate them to cater to the demands of current customers. Currently, a majority of the customers are demanding for specialized attention. It is largely because they bear the sentiments that companies should cater to design and manufacture products or render services in accordance with their tastes and preferences. Consequently, organizations have been left with no choice but to look for ways to embrace the demand of the modern day customers.

Specifically, the fashion industry is embodied by a relatively high prevalence of clients demanding for the attention as mentioned earlier. It is majorly for the reason that most of the products being produced and sold in this industry are usually clothing items and accessories. In the past, companies operating in this industry used to target the existing mass market. It implies that they used to design and produce products that were geared towards attaining the desired trend of the time. In this scenario, a trend signified striving to satisfy the general preferences and tastes of a majority of the customers. Nevertheless, moments, preferences and tastes of the consumers have revolutionized with time. It is because a majority of the contemporary consumers want to procure unique products. These sets of customers also have minimal room for compromise. They want to procure products that meet their desired preferences and tastes. It is a situation that has compelled organizations operating in this industry to transform the manner in which they carry out their operations. Customers are no longer willing to procure fashion products targeted for the mass market. Instead, most of the customers long for tailor-made products. Additionally, most of the customers are willing to pay a premium price for the acquisition of products that have been tailored made in tandem with their requirements.

In retrospective, the contemporary universe is personified by customers who can be considered as universal shoppers. The contemporary customer is not limited by their geographical location. It is because a majority of them have access to the internet. Thus, they are capable of procuring products from online retail stores. Besides, retails that have developed websites that facilitate online shopping tend to generate a competitive advantage. It is largely owing to the sort of convenience that they offer to their customers. A significant portion of the contemporary customers prefers procuring their fashion products via online stores. It owes to the sort of services rendered by these stores. For instance, when an individual is looking to procure a product from an online store they are not limited to the stores in their locality. As a result, such an individual is capable of procuring the product that they want from the store selling products meeting a majority of their requirements.

Moreover, the contemporary customer is also known to be well informed about their rights and options. The universe of commerce is embodied by unparalleled competition. It is due to the prevalence of a relatively high number of organizations operating in the same industry. Companies have been have been left little, but to be innovative and creative with an aim of surging ahead. It is through innovation and creativity that retail stores operating in the fashion industry manage to differentiate their products or services.

Accordingly, this facilitates them to cater to the specialized need of their target market. The existence of online stores has enhanced the degree of competition in the fashion industries. It is mainly for the reason that it has served to ensure that the fashion industry is a single and universal industry. It implies that retail stores need to realize that they are competing on the global front and not the presumed local front. As a result, they need to factor in the most popular views of their customers with respect to the environment as well as product design. A retail store that manages to successfully attain the desired standards with regard to the preferences and tastes of the consumers tends to realize a comparatively high degree of competitive advantage.

In light of global competition, the management of fashion brand labels has been compelled to reconfigure the compartment in which they execute their operations. The key attributes in the fashion industry have changed enormously; hence fashion brand labels need to embark on strategic management. Strategic Management serves as the primary tool through which fashion brand labels have managed to ensure that they remain competitive despite the various variations that have exemplified the fashion industry. An epitome of this is where most of the successful fashion brand labels have transformed the mode in which they communicate with customers.

In the past, fashion brand labels used to channel most of the communication with their target market through the traditional media. However, the traditional methods failed for the reason that they were not effective at reaching the intended target. The weakness of the mediums as mentioned above arose from the fact that they did not allow the customer to give their opinions on the products advertised. Currently, fashion brand labels have devised proper channels through which they have facilitated them to include the voice of their target market. It is essential that fashion brand labels take account of the opinions of their target market, with regard to the facets of their operations. It is an objective that could hardly be achieved through the application of the traditional media. Speciously, it is imperative that fashion labels produce products that are in line with the preferences and tastes of their target market. It is mainly for the reason that it is the key avenue through which a fashion brand label can manage to venture successfully into their target market, retain, and grow their market share. The exploitation of the film industry as a marketing tool is one which has transformed marketing communication in the fashion industry.

The video game industry is perceived to have come into existence in the mid 1970’s. Although this industry is commonly referred to as the video game industry, it is also known as the interactive entertainment industry. This industry takes part in marketing, selling and developing video games. It is considered as a global industry, but the video game industry is mainly developed in the advanced economies. In the past, the video game sector was perceived as a focus industry. However, it has managed to grow over time into is present day status and hence, it is considered as mainstream. The first video game was released in the year 1971. The video game was known as Arcade Game, Computer Space. Pong is considered as the first video game to be successful from a commercial point of view. Pong was developed by a corporation known as Atari Inc.  The video game industry managed to reach a zenith in the early 1980’s. In fact, this period is popularly referred to as the golden epoch of arcade video games. This is because the revenues in the video game industry grew rapidly within a duration of four years commencing from the year 1978. Specifically, the revenues grew from fifty million dollars to nine hundred million dollars only in North America. The total revenue for this industry as at the year 1981 was $2.8 billion. The revenues managed to grow steadily over the succeeding twelve months to five billion dollars in North America. The present value of the five billion dollars that was realised in the year 1981 is equivalent to approximately twelve billion dollars in the year 2011. In the year 1982, this industry managed to realize revenues of approximately eight billion dollars. During the nineties, various transformations took place in this particular industry.

In fact, it is during this era that manufacturers and developers commenced using the compact disc. It is also during this era that the industry adopted the graphical user interface as well as advanced three dimension technologies. The 2000s was characterised by the integration of the internet, the mobile phone and the video game industry. Developers also develop games that were to be played by persons who are not within the same physical location. They also design games to be played via social media. At the moment, the video game industry is amongst the most profitable industries in the universe. This industry plays a significant role with regards to the enhancement of the technological features of computers. Contemporary video games are best played on computers that boast of high standard specifications.

One of the key success factors of the video gaming industry is that the producer of a gaming device needs to ensure that their products embrace the latest technology. Products such as Xbox 360 and Sony Play Station are examples of gaming devices that embrace the latest technologies. The two devices are known to provide the gamers with some of the best gaming experiences, and this is largely attributable to the use of modern technologies.

Secondly in order to be successful in the video gaming industry, one should ensure that during the production of a new device the manufacturer should take into account the development of games. The manufacturer should ensure that they have in place a wide selection of games from which their customers can be able to choose the games they want. A wide collection of games ensures that all the consumers’ needs are well taken care of thus making the gaming device to become more attractive to consumers.

Sony’s marketing plan entailed targeting the year well schooled gamer. They were targeting persons between the ages of eighteen and thirty five. They were targeting individuals that were very well conversant with technology. Their objective was to market the Sony play station three as one of the most technologically advanced gaming device in the market. Their marketers claimed that the features of the device were unmatched thus insisting that it was in a class of its own. The marketing program did not work quite well for them, and this is because the consumers felt that the product is overrated yet it was not as expected. The consumers further claimed that the device was not very different from Xbox 360 in terms of features. The other point of disagreement between the consumers and the manufacturer was the price point of the Sony play station three. Most of the potential customers were of the opinion that the play station was very expensive compared to the Xbox 360 whereas they have similar features. As a result of this, most of the consumers preferred buying the Xbox 360.

The main competitive advantage of the Sony play station three is that it has a blue ray play. This ensures that it has superior graphics compared to most of the other gaming devices. The blue ray also enhances the quality of sound that is conveyed during an individual’s gaming experience. It is wifi enabled, and it can operate on Linux operating system. Given the two an individual can be able to use the play station as a personal computer. It has an installed browser which facilitates surfing on the internet. Another key feature is that it has universal serial bus ports. The device has also been noted to be having a lower rate of failure.

There are two main disadvantages of the Sony play station three. The first one is that it is very expensive. Most of the consumers are of the opinion that the play station is very expensive compared to other gaming devices. The other disadvantage of the play station is that some models are not able to play gamers that were produced for the play stations one and two. There are also fewer games for the plays station three compared to those of the other play station. Manufacturers of the Xbox 360 also keep on producing more games to play only on the Xbox.

The marketing program for Nintendo Wii is entirely different from that of the Sony play station three. The Nintendo Wii is position as a gaming device for everyone whereas the Play Station three is positioned as a gaming device that targets the mature population. The Nintendo Wii has a sixty four bit system thus it providers the users with superior graphics compared to the play station three. Unlike the play station, Nintendo Wii is positioned as easier to put together, their games are user friendly, and they are also easier to comprehend. Nintendo Wii is said to have a better gaming experience, and this is due to the fact that it has controls that have motion sensors.

Sony’s strategy approach with regard to new product development has over the years been manufacturer driven. In consequence, the company has been able to launch very many unsuccessful products into the market. In some instances, the company is unable to enjoy the first mover’s advantage. Whenever an organisation is able to be the first to move into a market, it is normally able to achieve a technological advantage. In most cases, that has been achieved because the organisation has ample time to carry out research and development programs. These research and development programs usually enable the organisation to develop high quality products that are best suited for that particular market. As a result of these, most customers in this particular market tend to appreciate the products that have been developed by such organisation.

 

 

Chapter 3 Research Methodology

3.1. Research Design

The mission of this study is to examine the influence of 007 series of films in the UK. In this section, the research will outline the main methodologies and statistical analysis that will be applied to a sample of 007 series of films in order to determine how the society has been influenced by the films and construct data findings surrounding the issues (Smith and Lavington, 2002). The research draws an analysis of primary source material and secondary sources with the interpretation of data through theoretical frameworks. Primary sources such as analysis of existing researches and interviews will be used in the collection of data.

In addition, secondary sources such as the internet will be used for data collection. Qualitative research is used because it provides a more detailed look at the variety of the film series and in some ways can be more insightful than quantitative data analysis (Wimmer and Dominick 2006). This section will also look at the statistical analysis. The use of this methodology, the study will wind up with just the greatest impact of 007 series of films after eliminating the least variable influences.

3.2. Population

Notably, the study will be based on a population of approximately two hundred individuals. All the people who will take part in this particular study will be selected on the basis of a predetermine criteria. The use of such a criterion gears towards ensuring that the outcome of this research is reliable as well as representative of the actual situation in the United Kingdom. Firstly, all the individuals who want to take part in this study will be required to be residents on the United Kingdom. The standard is based on the notion that the fundamental intention of the study is to appraise the implications of the 007 series on people who are residing in the United Kingdom. Secondly, all the participants will be required to have been residing in the United Kingdom over a duration of not less than seven years. The implementation of that standard aims at ensuring the findings of the study are based on data provided by individuals who are very well conversant with the United Kingdom. Thirdly, the researcher will ensure that all the participants represent the three main socio-economic classes in the United Kingdom namely; Wealthy, Middle class and the poor. The researcher will guarantee that the bulk of the participants are members of the middle class. The use of that standard is based on the notion that majority of the residents of the United Kingdom are categorized as middle class. Correspondingly, the researcher will work with a slightly higher number of individuals who are from wealthy families than poor ones. Fourthly, it will be mandatory for the individuals who will participate in this research to be drawn from all age groups considering that the 007 series have been in production since the 1950’s.

3.3. Sample

Sampling is regarded as the process through which researchers select units from a particular population of interest. The primary intent of carrying out sampling is to study a sample that will facilitate the researcher to understand the fundamental characteristics of a particular group of people or variables. In effect, it is imperative for the researchers to ensure that they use a suitable sampling technique so as to obtain high quality results. Failure to use an appropriate sampling method can lead to a scenario whereby the research realizes results that do not represent the general or specific characteristics of the group of variables that are being studied. In this light, the researcher will employ the stratified random sampling technique when performing this study. Notably, that move gears towards ensuring the researcher will be in a suitable position to carry out a top notch study. The use of the stratified random sampling technique will allow the research to choose the participants in a fashion that is non-discriminatory. In effect, the research will manage to develop a sample that represents that various the actual residents of the United Kingdom. It is highly probable that the sample size will constitute of a comparatively large number of middle class individuals. The expectation is founded on the notion that majority of the residents of this particular country are middle class. Correspondingly, it is extremely likely that the sample size will constitute of a higher number of wealthy people than their poor counterparts. The United Kingdom is amongst the highly economically advanced countries. In consequence, the bulk of the residents are either wealthy or middle class. However, that notion does not negate the fact that the country is characterized by a sizeable population of poor persons.

3.4. Data collection

Notably, there will be data visualizations of various aspects portrayed in the 007 series of films. That is the year, the name and effect of each title film in the society. The study will examine the James Bond movies from a factual point of view and give information visualizations of different parts of the movies (Lancaster, 2004). It will employ a regression model to determine the financial impact of the movie industry and normal evaluations when considering different variables about the movies. The model will be utilized, to give an expected performance to the movies gross and the normal rating score of the James Bond film (McAnally et al., 2013). The study likewise gives a positioning of the performing artists who have played James Bond trying to answer a frequently wrangled about the inquiry of the different roles portrayed and their impact on the society.

The researcher will utilise secondary and primary data. The primary data will be obtained through the use of a questionnaire as well as the performing of interviews. Notably, the questionnaire that will be used during the research will contain close ended questions. The use of such a questionnaire gears towards facilitating the researcher to obtain information that is specific. Due to this facet, the respondents will be issued with a set of options that they need to put into consideration when answering the various questions. In effect, the respondents will be required to select the answer which they consider being the most appropriate. Additionally, the respondents will be instructed not to provide their names or any other form of personal information when responding to the questionnaire. The application of that particular strategy will be instrumental in facilitating the researcher to obtain high quality information. In most cases, respondents tend to provide false information when responding to questionnaires if they have been required to provide personal information. Often, that tends to be the case for the reason most of the respondents feel that the researcher will be judgmental when reviewing their response. It is imperative to appreciate that the researcher intends to issue approximately 120 questionnaires. It is expected that approximately 83% of the total number of surveys will be duly filled. Thus, data analysis will be carried out on account of the data that will be provided by the individuals who fill their questionnaires appropriately. It implies that the remaining 17% of the questionnaires will be discarded. As a result, the data contained in such questionnaires will not be put into consideration.

Additionally, the researcher will perform approximately 128 interviews. In effect, the researcher will recruit approximately two research assistants. The research assistants will help the researcher when issuing questionnaires as well as performing interviews. The interviews will be carried out over a duration of approximately five days. The interviews will be conducted either face to face or via SKYPE. Correspondingly, the questionnaires will also be issued over a period of approximately three days. The questionnaires will be issued electronically, hand delivered or through postal mail. The use of the various channels is a move that gears towards ensuring the researcher is conducted in a timely fashion.  Notably, the interviews will constitute of open ended questions. The use of open ended questions is supposed to facilitate the researcher to gain a proper understanding of the perspectives of the respondents with respect to a myriad of issues. In fact, the researcher will ensure that the respondents feel as comfortable as possible when they are taking part in the interview. The implementation of that particular strategy will facilitate the researchers to convince the respondents to provide authentic information. The acquisition of such high quality information will go a long way in enabling the researcher to prepare a top notch study.

3.5. Data Analysis

The data obtained will be analyzed through the use of descriptive statistics. The use of descriptive statistics will be instrumental in ensuring that the researcher produces results that are easy to understand and well detailed. In effect, the data will be analyzed using Microsoft Excel. It is anticipated that is particular process will take approximately six days. After that, the researcher will include the graphical representation of the data collected in the final report.

3.6. Expected Results

The 007 series of films is one the longest running film series having been ongoing in production since the 1960s. Notably, nearly more than half of the populations in the UK are addicted to the series films. The study will identify and evaluate the possible impact the series has to the people in the UK. It will also try to identify how the film generates its highest gross film series and the impact it has on the economy of the UK. Recent prevalence rates of 007 series of films are on the increasing trend in terms of income generation through theatrical exhibition and television broadcast. The research will review and evaluate available evidence for the commercial operation of the film to the general public.

 

 

Chapter 4: Results

4.1. Introduction

The chapter will display the results that were obtained courtesy of the data collection process. The results have been analysed through the use of descriptive statistics. Most importantly, they have been presented in a format that is easy to understand.

4.2. Gender

Key

1. Male
2. Female

Evidently, the majority of the respondents who took part in this particular research were men. Although, it is imperative to appreciate that a substantive number of women were also involved in the process. All the participants were selected on account of stratified random sampling technique so as to avoid bias.

4.3. Level of Education

Key

1.      None

2.      High School and Below

3.      Collage and above

 

Notably, the researcher factored in three classes of individuals when performing the study. The results confirm that the bulk of the participants constitute of persons who have at least attended college. The lowest fragment of the respondents entailed illiterate persons. It is a clear indication that the United Kingdom is characterised by high levels of literacy.

4.4. Age Group

Key

1.      Below 20

2.      20-30

3.      30-40

4.      40-50

5.      50-60

6.      60-70

7.      Above 70

 

Clearly, the majority of the respondents were between the ages of 20 and fifty years. The study considered the ages of the respondents so as to gain an in-depth understanding of the fashion in which the 007 series affects the residents of the country. Arguably, the youth are more likely to be influenced by films than their elderly counterparts.

 

 

4.5. Monthly Income

Key

1.      Below 1,000
2.      1,001-2,000
3.      2,001-2,500
4.      2,501-3,000
5.      3,001-3,500
6.      3,501-4,000
7.      4,001-5,000
8.      5,001-6,000

The data has confirmed that majority of the participants earn a salary that is between £2,001 and £3,500. The salary of the participants was factored in so as to ensure that the study considered individuals from all the social economic classes. The inclusion of individuals form all social economic classes was instrumental in the development of a study that is relevant to the United Kingdom.

4.6. Series Watched

Key

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. Above 7

For sure, all the individuals who took part in this particular study have watched at least one of the films under the 007 series. In effect, the sentiments provided by the respondents will be well informed. Thus, it can be employed for purposes of research.

4.7. Influence on Belief

Key

1. No
2. Yes

Majority of the respondents opine that the 007 series influences their personal, religious, and political beliefs. In effect, the researcher will discuss the fashion in which the 007 series influences the beliefs of the residents of this particular society.  In fact, the respondents were requested to indicate the degree of influence that is attributable to the 007 series.

4.8. Degree of Influence

Key

Minimum                                                                                                                Maximum

1         2        3          4          5          6          7          8          9          10

The outcomes confirm that the highest number of the respondents believe that the 007 series influences their political, religious, and personal beliefs to a comparatively low extent. In effect, the researcher will discuss the role of the 007 series in terms of influencing the beliefs of the residents of the United Kingdom. Notably, this is an extremely essential aspect of this particular research.

4.9. Glorification of Violence

Key

1.      Strongly Disagree

2.      Disagree

3.      Neutral

4.      Agree

5.      Strongly Agree

Recently, video game develops have devised a number of games bond of the 007 series. In consequence, critics argue that the 007 series promotes violence given that the primary target market of such products is the young people. However, result of this particular study confirm that majority of the respondents strongly disagree or simply disagree with those sentiments.

4.10. Terrorism

Key

1 Yes

2 No

Approximately 72% of the respondents opine that the 007 series has a role to play with regards to terrorism. The character Bond is a special intelligence agence who employs his prowess for the purpose of thwarting various kinds of attacks that have been orchestrated against the country. In effect, the film has been instrumental in creating awareness with respect to the various facets of terrorism such as Intelligence, Extremism, and Human Rights amongst others.

 

4.11. Impact on Social Life

Key

None                                                                High

0       1          2        3          4          5

Notably, majority of the respondents claim that the 007 series has a comparatively high impact on their social life. Arguably, that is the case given that the 007 series serves as a suitable medium of market. The individuals who are playing the character of James Bond normally market fashion products, motor vehicles, and technological gadgets among others.

4.12. Acquisition of the Film

Key

1.      Streaming of Genuine Copies

2.      Streaming of Pirated Copies

3.      Genuine Copies from Movie Outlets/Theatres

4.      Pirated Copies from Movie Outlets and Friends

5.      Tv Broadcasters

 

The study confirmed that majority of the individuals who have watched at least one of the 007 films went to movie theatre. In effect, they acquired genuine copies. The acquisition of genuine copies is instrumental in promoting the development of the 007 films.

Chapter 5: Discussion

5.1. Introduction

The chapter provides a brief discussion of the various issued addressed during the study.  The fundamental intention of this segment is to facilitate the audience to better understand the results provided in the preceding chapter. In effect, the discussion will be prepared on account of the matters considered in Chapter 4.

Introduction

The idea of assessing the cultural impact of film in society is new, with the past commercial routine reviews done. The 007 series film representation depicts the British temporal, geographical, and ideological context of its production. The film is undisputedly the most popular art form today in the United Kingdom. Watching films is one of the United Kingdom’s most popular of leisure interests. The U.K people are strongly interested in film watching, as it is one of the most popular and leisure activities. The attention to film awards, stars and stories give it a profile larger than its industrial scope. Public policy, however, suggests that it is the socio-political and cultural contribution of film to the United Kingdom that is most important. The film industry in the United Kingdom makes a significant contribution to the current public discourses and debates on national identity. The effects of film on United Kingdom public are profound. Ian Fleming’s 007 series of film is one of the most recognizable and successful film characters in modern U.K culture. The artistic value attributed to films like the 007 series of film is overtly not only entertaining and emotional but also educational from a socio-political and cultural point of view.

The film depicts the shifts in attitudes, values elements of the British social fabric that occur periodically is the socio-cultural and political development process. The 007 series film is evidence of the current contemporary development of the United Kingdom culture. Mainstream films that prioritize entertainment such as the 007 series of the film have a profound effect on the United Kingdom society. A substantial majority of the U.K people still consider the 007 series of the film as to be powerful and influential and value its emotional impact particularly. Embedded in the United Kingdom people lifestyle is the socio-political and cultural influence of the 007 series film. The 007 series of film moves, and inspires the United Kingdom public. Evidence from studies points to its influence over emotions and intellect that shapes the United Kingdom public lifestyle. The series of film has been a revelation experience to the U.K public to things they had not known before. The people value this individual series of film for particularly its emotional impact.

5.2 Influence of Religious and Political Beliefs

Developments in the series film have had a direct impact on the identities of the British socio-cultural and political fabric.  Surveys confirm that the series of film has been a key arena in the British political life, projecting and debating British values and beliefs. The 007 series of the film portrays the changing face of Britain since the World War II.Ian Fleming’s James Bond depicts vividly and sometimes Britain is changing the face, feeding this chronicle back to the British public audience. The 007 series of the film creates a celluloid image of an acclimatizing United Kingdom to the challenges of posts World War II. The series of film has helped create distinct identities, values, and beliefs of the nations and regions in the United Kingdom. It often does this by portraying the tensions that have arisen from changing industrial patterns and the politics of devolution and autonomy in the United Kingdom. The film articulates the plight of United Kingdom minority groups through the creation of accounts of how community-based conflict. It depicts the complex after war relations between Britain and the rest of the world that has fostered a hybrid culture that is perhaps unique to the United Kingdom. The series of film is about the time of its making as well as the time portrayed, and its British past portrayals have specialized in drawing contemporary moral and political lessons from its stories set in the post-world War II. Politically, the United Kingdom went from the beginning of the Cold War with the constant threat of a third world war to the collapse of the Soviet Union to a new world order with the United States as the only superpower.

5.3 Glorification of Violence and Terrorism

The cultural impact of the 007 series of film has been so vast and pervasive to the extent of glorifying violence in the United Kingdom society. The development and intensification of violence in the film inn James Bond increased the tendency to use violence can be seen to impact on the changing norms and values in society. The protagonists of the classic 007 British series of film typically depict minor criminals over-reaching themselves as they face new challenges. The film glorifies violence in the sense that its account of heroic deeds is often about crime, violence and disasters. The on-screen portrayal of crime and violence has been a recurrent flashpoint with reports pointing to imitative behavior in the British society. The007 series of film is widely controversial in the United Kingdom for portraying violence whose realism attracts the United Kingdom audiences. Crime and violence have since gone to be emblematic of the British society with cases of similar real life attacks reported. The film is, however, a benchmark for understanding how criminal behavior in the society is changing to meet new socio-economic, political and cultural conditions. The British society’s perception of violence and terrorism from the 007 series film has shaped the British society’s perception of conflict in reality.

• Impact of Personal and Social life

The 007 series of film has had a profound impact on the United Kingdom people’s personal and social life. The film has given new focus and insights into other non-British cultures and lifestyles. The realism of the series film has significantly increased British people’s interest in watching films than taking part in other fun exercises and activities such as playing the sport.

In this context, Bond’s relations with his male and female co-actors are extremely enlightening as to the gender ideologies that exist in the British contemporary society. The espionage, technological domination and gender interaction portrayed in the film reveal the matrices of domination that exist among British men and women. The depiction of competition and opposition between the series of film protagonists and antagonists reveals the struggle between good and evil in society. The societal struggle between good and evil connects the gender roles and relations to the technological innovations of post-digital divide British civilization. The film asserts the notions of masculinity and femininity in post-feminist Britain. The relations of the “Bond Girls” to James Bond reveal societal conventions and beliefs of sex and romance between men and women. The film makes overtly ingrained statements with socio- cultural ideologies regarding gender behavior and relations that complicate the contemporary British cultural fantasies and realities. The film portrayals of fast, luxurious cars, liquor, weaponry and exotic men and women of the 007 series of the film reflects the attitudes, ideologies , values and beliefs of the modern British public entertained in the theatres.

5.5. Conclusion

Human rights are considered as the freedoms of individuals. They are universal hence it is the duty of all human beings to protect these rights. Human rights are derived from the moral principles that promote human decency. The rights of human beings are protected by the constitutions of all countries across the universe. The United Nations Organisation is the largest not for profit institution that champions of the preservation of the rights of human beings. There are various forms of rights of human beings. However, the most prominent of them all is the right to life. All the other rights are secondary to this one simply because they will be rendered useless in the event that this particular right has been violated. In the past, there was gross violation of the right to life. As a result, there was the emergence of a broad range of not for profit organisations that sought to champion of the preservation of the rights of human beings. This is during the era whereby the universe was characterised by the cold war, world war 1, world war 2, pearl harbour, genocides, as well as liberation struggles.

Over the years, there has been a dramatic change in the nature of human rights that are being advocated for by human rights organisations. The right to religious freedom is amongst the most prominent rights of the contemporary universe. Religion has been part of the lives of human beings since time immemorial. All communities irrespective of their geographical locations used to practice a certain form of religious practice. These type of religious practices provided human beings with a sense of belonging as well as a proper understanding of the existence. Religion was an activity that was extremely sacred and it was held in high esteem. As a result, human beings refrained from questioning religion as well as they sought to protect their religious practices. All religions were surrounded by tales of individuals who were punished due to contravening the religion. All religions were based on a high power that was supernatural in nature. This is an attribute that made majority of the individuals to treat religion with a certain degree of respect and fear. However, there has been a significant change in the manner in which human beings view religion. There is still a significant population of human being who hold traditional views with regards to religion, but overtime this population has been diminishing. Alternatively, there has been a significant rise in the population of human beings who are indifferent about religion hence it is not a major factor when it comes to decision making. However, there are still those human beings who are greatly influence by their religious beliefs.

Islam is amongst the most prominent religions of the twenty first century. As a result, it has one of the largest followings in the universe. Majority of the persons who subscribe to this creed are extremely passionate about their religion. This is an attribute that allows such individuals to be greatly influenced by their religious beliefs. This is evidenced by the number of countries that have expressly stated that they are Islamic states. Such nations are usually governed through the use of Sharia law which is a type of law that is based on the teachings of the Holy Quran. The laws of such Islamic states ban the practising of any other religion in countries that are governed by Shariah law. It is considered as a double standard given that majority of the secular states allows the practicing of all types of religions. Majority of the nations in the universe are considered as secular states. Such states allow the practising of all kinds of religions. Human beings living in such countries are not required to take part in religious activities that they do not willing subscribe to. This is an attribute that is different from the countries being governed by Shariah law. For instance; countries that are governed by Sharia law require all the residents of their countries to observe the Ramadan timetable even when they operators of commercial entities are not Muslims. Owners of entertainment spots are required to close down their operations during the periods whereby the Muslims are fasting. On the contrary, the same case does not apply to Christians whenever they are celebrating Easter or any other religious activity.

Islam is a religion that has managed to drawn both criticisms as well as praise in equal measure. Majority of the non Muslims associate Islam with terrorism. This is majority of the terrorist activities are usually carried out on the basis of Islam. This is a factor that has made majority of the people to consider Muslims as bullies as well as good persons. For instance, the nature of religious conflict that has characterised Nigeria in the course of the past few decades has made a lot of people to resent Muslims. This is because majority of the cases being reported indicates that the Islamic militants are either capturing or killing innocent people. This is an attribute that make people to wonder whether or not Islam is a decent religion or its one which promotes hatred amongst human beings. Islamists claim to be carrying out such crimes on the basis of religion. Due to this, one wonders up to what point does an individual place a limited to the freedom of expression. The nature of activities being carried out by these Islamist groups can be categorised as activities of expression. As a result, it is imperative for human beings to gain an understanding of the nature of expression that is categorised as a freedom or a human right.

The law provides that the right of an individual extends up to the point whereby they touch their neighbour. This implies that an individual or an entity is only allowed to exercise their freedoms without infringing those of others. In the event that an individual or an entity is exercising their freedoms in a manner that is infringing on the right of other human beings, such acts are considered as civil wrongs. This is because all human beings need to carry out their activities in a manner that upholds the freedoms of other people. Some of the key interests that Islamist groups fight for are justified. For instance, some of the Islamic groups normally champion for the protection of the interests of children and women. This is because they are the individuals who suffer the most whenever a country is facing any sought of conflict. Islamist groups usually protect women and children whenever an Islamist state is facing any form of conflict. In the event that their children and women have been attacked by the enemy forces, these groups usually retaliate and sometimes they revenge. This form of protection that is rendered by Islamist groups makes sure that whenever any forces set foot on Islamic states, they carry out their operations without killing innocent children and women. In line with this, Islamist groups normally undermine the rights and freedoms of other people whenever they go about persecuting individuals who do not comply with their creed. The law provides that all human beings have the right to determine their own religion. As a result, Islamist groups do not have the right to go about demanding for human beings to comply with their religion of choice. This is because the universal law does not indicate that there are certain religions that are superior or inferior to others.

Government should work hand in hand in order to protect the legitimate Islamist groups. This is because some of these groups facilitate Muslims to champion their interests as a group. Whenever any group of people that are bound by a common agenda advocate for their interests together, they are likely to succeed in their endeavours. On the contrary whenever individuals choose to advocate for their right on an individual basis, they are extremely likely to fail miserably. Governments should also make sure that they eliminate those Islamist groups that are counterproductive. This is because they ruin the reputation of the genuine Islamist groups. Such groups do not display any express benefits. Instead, such religious groupings normally cause more harm than good. In the contemporary universe, governments need to make collective effort in order to make sure that all forms of rights are upheld. This is because rights and freedoms are promoted in order to facilitate human beings to live a life that is decent. The preservation of human rights is extremely important in that it provides the people living within a particular community with some sense of security. Whenever the government is keen to protect the right of people, the society is normally characterised by a relatively high degree of peace. In the event that a government gives a blind eye to groups that are violating the right of human beings, such a society is characterised by a relatively high degree of insecurity. Presently, the government of Kenya has been keen to neutralise the various forms of criminal elements that are present within the country. However, this is considered as a corrective mechanism. This security operation has been brought about by the Westgate terror attack. This attack is the most recent terror attack to be carried out on Kenyan soil since the year 1998. The government is keen to neutralise these Islamist groups before they develop into groups that will be extremely challenging to eradicate. Al Shabaab which is an example of an Islamist group is credited for having carried out the attacks in Kenya. It claims that it carried out the attacks in order to condemn the actions of the Kenyan Defence Forces in Somalia. This Islamist group claims that the Kenyan military massacred innocent children and women. The prevalence of such groups has threatened the peace of Kenya as well as it has negative ramifications on the commercial entities.

There are quite a number of Islamist groups that have played a central role in the development of their countries. For instance, the Islamist groups that initiated the Arab spring facilitated the elimination of dictatorship regimes in their countries. Although, these countries have not yet managed to realise total peace they are still pursuing it. This is a positive move that needs to be appreciated throughout the universe. However, often are times whereby the press strives to highlight the instances whereby some of the Islamist groups are carrying out activities that have negative implications on the society. In many instances, the press is keen to highlight instances whereby commercial entities that rely on tourists are usually negatively affected by the activities of Islamist groups. This is because they render nations to be considered as insecure for tourists. Majority of the tourists in African countries originate from Europe and North America. Most of these countries normally issue travel advisories to their citizens whenever they are seeking to travel to various countries across the universe. Whenever tourists are advised that a country is insecure for them, majority of them refrain from travelling to such countries. This is an attribute that has negative implications on the commercial entities operating in such countries.

Evidently, terrorism is a major threat to global tranquillity hence there is need for the elimination of some of the counterproductive Islamist groups. All the individuals who are members of counterproductive Islamist groups need to be arrested and rehabilitated. The young people living in societies that are prone to Islamist groups need to be counselled in order for them to be aware of the most appropriate channels of expressing themselves. They should also be educated about the dangers of Islamist groups.

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Appendix

Questionnaire Prompts and Interview Questions

Questionnaire Prompts

1. What is your gender? (Tick appropriately)

Male                                   Female

2. What is your highest level of education?

None                                  High school and below                       College and above

3. What is your Age group? (Age groups in years)

Below 20                           20-30                           30-40                           40-50

Strong disagree – SD.

Strong disagree – SD.

50-60                                 60-70                           Above 70

4. What is your monthly income range? (Income in £)

Below 1000                       1001 – 5000                 5001-10000                 10001-15000

15001-20000                     20001-25000                25001-30000              Above 30000

5. How many releases of 007 Series of films have you watched?

1                                        2                                  3                                  4

5                                        6                                  7                                  Above 7

6. Do the films influence your personal, religious and political beliefs?

Yes                                    No

If yes, how would you rate the influence?

Minimum                                                                                                                      Maximum

1         2        3          4          5          6          7          8          9          10

7. Rate the following statement, “007 Series of films celebrate or glorify violence”.

(Strongly disagree – SD. Disagree – DA.  Neutral – N. Agree – A. Strongly agree – SA)

 

SD              DA                  N                     A                     SA

8. Do you think the character has any significance in relation to modern fears about terrorism?

Yes                                    No

9. Please rate the effect of the releases of 007 Series of films you have watched on your social life.

None                                                                High

0       1          2        3          4          5

10. How did you acquire releases of 007 Series of films?

• Online streaming of genuine copies

• Online streaming of pirated copies

• Genuine copy from movies outlets/theaters

• Pirated copy from friends and movie outlets

• TV broadcasters

 

Interview Prompts

1. What is your monthly income range, education level and age group?
2. How many releases of 007 series of films have you watched and how did you acquire them?
3. How have the releases you have watched influenced your perspective of religion and politics?
4. How have the releases you have watched influenced your perspective of violence and terrorism, and how the two should be handled?
5. How have the releases you have watched influenced your social life?