Since 1963, a series of United States Supreme Court case decisions have clarified that in criminal cases,
prosecutors must disclose to the defense evidence favorable to the defendant. This includes information that
may be used to impeach the credibility of government witnesses, including law enforcement officers. These
decisions mean that police officers who have documented histories of lying in official matters are liabilities to
their agencies, and these histories may render them unable to testify credibly.
Part 1: Please write a professional memorandum summarizing the main issues that are involved in the
following United States Supreme Court cases. You must have at least 2.5 pages not including your title page.
⢠Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)
⢠Giglio v. United States, 405 U. S. 150 (1972)
⢠United States v. Agurs, 427 U. S. 97 (1976)
Sample Solution
nanoparticles, or of polymeric nature as nanoparticles, micelles, and niosomes [65-67]. Various materials can be used to prepare nanoparticles such as proteins, polysaccharides and synthetic polymers. The choice of matrix materials is dependent on numerous factors, including : (a) size of nanoparticles required; (b) natural properties of the drug, e.g., aqueous solubility and stability; (c) surface characteristics such as charge and permeability; (d) degree of biodegradability, biocompatibility and toxicity; (e) Drug release profile wanted; and (f) Antigenicity of the final product. In recent years, polymerânanoparticle composite materials have attracted the attention of a number of researchers, due to their synergistic and hybrid properties derived from several components. Whether in solution or in bulk, these materials offer unique properties (mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal) [69]. The field of polymer nanoparticles (PNP) is rapidly growing and playing a pivotal role in a broad spectrum of areas ranging from electronics to the Photonics, conducting materials to sensors, medicine to biotechnology, pollution control of environmental technology, and so forth, during the last decades [70, 71] . New and newer polymers have been trying to develop nanoparticles for their application as drug carriers. Craparo et al., 2008 described the preparation and physicochemical and in vitro biological characterization of nanoparticles based on PEGylated, acryloylated polyaspartamide polymers. Polymeric nanoparticles can be defined as colloidal particles ranging between 10 and 1000 nm in size and composed of either natural or artificial polymers [73]. Polymeric nanoparticles composed of the drug dispersed in an amorphous form within a polymer matrix. PNPs are promising vehicles for drug delivery by easy manipulation to prepare carriers with the objective of delivering the drugs to specific targets; such an advantage modifies the drug safety [74]. The compounds of interest are very beneficial for drug delivery applications because of their ability to control drug release and their protection properties [75]. Currently, stimuli-sensitive nanoparticles which affected by the changes in pH, temperature and magnetic fields gained great concern [76-79]. The term âpolymeric nanoparticleâ encompasses nanospheres and nanocapsules. Nanospheres are defined as a polymeric matrix in which the drug is homogeneously dispersed (typically as a solid solution in polymer) and nanocapsules are described as a polymeric membrane tha>
nanoparticles, or of polymeric nature as nanoparticles, micelles, and niosomes [65-67]. Various materials can be used to prepare nanoparticles such as proteins, polysaccharides and synthetic polymers. The choice of matrix materials is dependent on numerous factors, including : (a) size of nanoparticles required; (b) natural properties of the drug, e.g., aqueous solubility and stability; (c) surface characteristics such as charge and permeability; (d) degree of biodegradability, biocompatibility and toxicity; (e) Drug release profile wanted; and (f) Antigenicity of the final product. In recent years, polymerânanoparticle composite materials have attracted the attention of a number of researchers, due to their synergistic and hybrid properties derived from several components. Whether in solution or in bulk, these materials offer unique properties (mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal) [69]. The field of polymer nanoparticles (PNP) is rapidly growing and playing a pivotal role in a broad spectrum of areas ranging from electronics to the Photonics, conducting materials to sensors, medicine to biotechnology, pollution control of environmental technology, and so forth, during the last decades [70, 71] . New and newer polymers have been trying to develop nanoparticles for their application as drug carriers. Craparo et al., 2008 described the preparation and physicochemical and in vitro biological characterization of nanoparticles based on PEGylated, acryloylated polyaspartamide polymers. Polymeric nanoparticles can be defined as colloidal particles ranging between 10 and 1000 nm in size and composed of either natural or artificial polymers [73]. Polymeric nanoparticles composed of the drug dispersed in an amorphous form within a polymer matrix. PNPs are promising vehicles for drug delivery by easy manipulation to prepare carriers with the objective of delivering the drugs to specific targets; such an advantage modifies the drug safety [74]. The compounds of interest are very beneficial for drug delivery applications because of their ability to control drug release and their protection properties [75]. Currently, stimuli-sensitive nanoparticles which affected by the changes in pH, temperature and magnetic fields gained great concern [76-79]. The term âpolymeric nanoparticleâ encompasses nanospheres and nanocapsules. Nanospheres are defined as a polymeric matrix in which the drug is homogeneously dispersed (typically as a solid solution in polymer) and nanocapsules are described as a polymeric membrane tha>
