Suppose you are the judge responsible for sentencing Jason Miller, a 20 year-old man convicted of robbing a convenience store. At trial, the prosecution showed that Jason was the getaway driver for his older brother and another man (both of whom had lengthy criminal histories). Jason was not armed and did not have any interaction with anyone inside the store. The other two men brandished firearms and struck the clerk, causing severe head trauma. Jasonâs attorney presented evidence at his sentencing hearing that Jason had only been arrested once before for stealing a cell phone from another student in high school; Jason had successfully completed diversion for that offense. His attorney also presented evidence that Jason had maintained a job for two years after high school graduation as a construction worker. In your jurisdiction, you have the option of sentencing Jason to prison (for 1-25 years) or to probation (for up to five years). How would you determine an appropriate sentence for Jason?
Sample Solution
Unique A significant part of the ongoing sociological discussion on power spins around the issue of the empowering idea of intensity. A far reaching record of influence has been talked about in the report i.e influence of information, influence of cash and intensity of social class and the manners by which these forces can be modified later on. A lot of this discussion is identified with crafted by the French thinker Michel Foucault (1926-1984), who, following the Italian political logician Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527), considers capacity to be “a complex vital circumstance in a given society [social setting]”. Being profoundly auxiliary, his idea includes both imperative and enablement Presentation Power is a standout amongst the most significant determinants of administrative adequacy. Bennis and Nanus (1985) respected it, as the essential vitality expected to start and continue activities. It is a factor without which, pioneers can’t lead. It gives the ability to make an interpretation of aims into the real world. Power is at the substance of administrative activities and initiative. It very well may be characterized as the potential capacity to impact conduct, to change the course of occasions, to defeat opposition and to get individuals do things that they would not generally do (Pfeffer, 1981) Perceived leverage Since power works both socially and proportionally, sociologists talk about the level of influence between gatherings to a relationship: all gatherings to all connections have some power: the sociological examination of intensity worries about finding and portraying the relative qualities: equivalent or unequal, steady or subject to intermittent change. Sociologists as a rule examine connections in which the gatherings have moderately equivalent or almost equivalent power regarding limitation as opposed to of intensity. Therefore ‘control’ has a meaning of unilateralism. On the off chance that this were not really, at that point all connections could be portrayed as far as ‘power’, and its importance would be lost. Indeed, even in structuralist social hypothesis, control shows up as a procedure, a viewpoint to a progressing social structure. One can once in a while recognize essential power: the immediate and individual utilization of power for compulsion; and optional power, which may include the danger of power or social imperative, in all likelihood including outsider exercisers of assigned power. Etzioni (1961) discussed two sorts of intensity: position power and persona/control Position power alludes to capacity to incite or impact others conduct as a result of one’s situation in the association. French and Raven’s (1959) genuine power can be viewed as position control. Representatives comply with the requests of the individuals who have formal specialist or position control Accepting my situation as the ticket specialist, I find that I’ve a few powers that are coordinated towards the two seniors and subordinates. One of the forces is persona/control. I e this is the place people get their capacity from their own aptitudes and endeavors. Persona/control is the degree to which subordinates are happy to pursue the pioneer. This individual power has expanded my love, love, thought, consolation, acknowledgment and connection. Bass, Wurster and Alcock (1961) observed that individuals need to be esteemed and regarded predominantly by those whom they worth and regard. Along these lines individuals offer such people with individual power. It is along these lines clear that individual power originates from underneath and can be removed all the more rapidly by the subordinates when contrasted with position control. French and Raven’s Referent Power and Expert power would shape some portion of individual power. Other than the individual power, which calls for regard from the seniors, there is additionally the intensity of power. This power is generally coordinated to the subordinates in the workplace. It very well may be subdivided into: Line expert. This is the authorityover subordinates inmy chain ofcommand. Anyway this specialist relates straightforwardly to the spot inside my levels of leadership and does not exist outside my hierarchy of leadership i.e this power can’t be practiced past my area of expertise Staff specialist. This is the rightof staff to advice, guidance, or make proposals to line work force, and as an individual from staff, I feel this is one of the forces that I have. This kind of power however doesn’t give me the privilege to give line faculty arranges that influence the mission of the line association The directors, have the intensity of power and position control over their subordinates of which am one. Position power and expert have been reciprocally utilized in the present occasions dependent on Etizioni’s discoveries. This is by applying different strategies, some of which are: Specialist to endorse, for example any consent or endorsement that makes any strategy legitimate is under them. In this manner any expectation to abuse their capacity and a significant thought looking for their endorsement results to squander. This powerful rule directs what and when.a decision is to be made. Michener and Burt (1975) inspected factors in charge of authority achievement in evoking consistence. They announced that consistence was more noteworthy when pioneers clarified that their requests as useful for the gathering, had capacity to rebuff people who did not go along to the pioneers’ directions, and had a genuine appropriate to make requests on subordinates. Another investigation (Gamson, 1968) recommended that pioneers would move toward pressure of subordinates in the event that they saw that they did not have subordinates’ endorsement yet had the authentic expert for requesting consistence Specialist to Reward I. e having the last say in issues relating to advancements, working is coordinated towards attempting to pacify the seniors, with a thought of diligent work acknowledgment that will prompt an advancement. This outcomes to grant of advancements without legitimacy contemplations. Convincingness contributes emphatically to effectiveness of supervisors while conciliation and doing favors to bosses contributes contrarily to the equivalent. Incredible supervisors see their subordinates’ conduct moderately more decidedly. Upholding discipline, weight for consistence, enticement and specialist to reward rise then as significant impact techniques to capture broken representative practices. Trade of favors then again is by all accounts incapable impact system as it helps in flourishing broken representative conduct. Information (conceded or retained, shared or stayed discreet) Learning can be communicated as ability and aptitudes procured by an individual through encounter or instruction; the hypothetical or commonsense comprehension of a subject or what is known in a specific field or altogether; realities and data As a deal expert, Knowledge procurement includes complex psychological procedures: recognition, learning, correspondence, affiliation and thinking. Information likewise helps deal advisor in understanding topic with the capacity to utilize it for a particular reason if fitting. Arranged learning is information explicit to a specific circumstance. A deal expert can utilize different techniques for producing information, for example, experimentation, or gaining for a fact, will in general make exceptionally situational learning. One of the fundamental advantages of the logical strategy is that the hypotheses it produces are considerably less situational than information picked up by other methods.[citation needed] Situational learning is regularly implanted in language, culture, or traditions.[citation needed] Learning created through experience is called information “a posteriori”, which means a while later. The unadulterated presence of a term like “a posteriori” signifies this likewise has a partner. For this situation that is information “from the earlier”, which means previously. The learning preceding any experience implies that there are sure “presumptions” that one underestimates. For instance on the off chance that you are being told about a seat it is obvious to you that the seat is in space, that it is 3D. This information isn’t learning that one can “overlook”, even somebody experiencing amnesia encounters the world in 3D. See likewise: from the earlier and a posteriori. There is additionally incomplete learning. This whereby one order of epistemology centers around halfway learning. In most reasonable cases, it is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to have a thorough comprehension of a data area, so then we need to live with the way that our insight is dependably not finish, that is, fractional. Most genuine issues must be unraveled by exploiting a fractional comprehension of the issue setting and issue information. That is altogether different from the run of the mill straightforward maths issues one may comprehend at school, where all information is given and one has an ideal comprehension of recipes important to unravel them. This thought is additionally present in the idea of limited soundness which accept that, all things considered, circumstance individuals regularly have a constrained access of data and take choice as needs be. Another ramifications of learning is the logical information. The improvement of the logical technique has made a noteworthy commitment to comprehension of learning. Majoring on this idea of learning, a deal specialist must be furnished with a strategy for request which depends on social affair noticeable, exact and quantifiable proof subject to explicit standards of thinking. The logical technique comprises of the accumulation of information through perception and experimentation, and the definition and testing of theories. Science and the idea of logical learning has likewise turned into the subject of Philosophy. As science itself has created, learning has built up a more extensive use which has been creating inside science/brain research talked about somewhere else as meta-epistemology, or hereditary epistemology, and somewhat identified with “hypothesis of intellectual improvement”. Intensity of Persuasion Influence is a type of social impact. It is simply the way toward directing individuals and toward the selection of a thought, demeanor, or activity by normal and representative (however not constantly sensible) implies. Influence strategies are additionally now and again alluded to as influence strategies or pe>
Unique A significant part of the ongoing sociological discussion on power spins around the issue of the empowering idea of intensity. A far reaching record of influence has been talked about in the report i.e influence of information, influence of cash and intensity of social class and the manners by which these forces can be modified later on. A lot of this discussion is identified with crafted by the French thinker Michel Foucault (1926-1984), who, following the Italian political logician Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527), considers capacity to be “a complex vital circumstance in a given society [social setting]”. Being profoundly auxiliary, his idea includes both imperative and enablement Presentation Power is a standout amongst the most significant determinants of administrative adequacy. Bennis and Nanus (1985) respected it, as the essential vitality expected to start and continue activities. It is a factor without which, pioneers can’t lead. It gives the ability to make an interpretation of aims into the real world. Power is at the substance of administrative activities and initiative. It very well may be characterized as the potential capacity to impact conduct, to change the course of occasions, to defeat opposition and to get individuals do things that they would not generally do (Pfeffer, 1981) Perceived leverage Since power works both socially and proportionally, sociologists talk about the level of influence between gatherings to a relationship: all gatherings to all connections have some power: the sociological examination of intensity worries about finding and portraying the relative qualities: equivalent or unequal, steady or subject to intermittent change. Sociologists as a rule examine connections in which the gatherings have moderately equivalent or almost equivalent power regarding limitation as opposed to of intensity. Therefore ‘control’ has a meaning of unilateralism. On the off chance that this were not really, at that point all connections could be portrayed as far as ‘power’, and its importance would be lost. Indeed, even in structuralist social hypothesis, control shows up as a procedure, a viewpoint to a progressing social structure. One can once in a while recognize essential power: the immediate and individual utilization of power for compulsion; and optional power, which may include the danger of power or social imperative, in all likelihood including outsider exercisers of assigned power. Etzioni (1961) discussed two sorts of intensity: position power and persona/control Position power alludes to capacity to incite or impact others conduct as a result of one’s situation in the association. French and Raven’s (1959) genuine power can be viewed as position control. Representatives comply with the requests of the individuals who have formal specialist or position control Accepting my situation as the ticket specialist, I find that I’ve a few powers that are coordinated towards the two seniors and subordinates. One of the forces is persona/control. I e this is the place people get their capacity from their own aptitudes and endeavors. Persona/control is the degree to which subordinates are happy to pursue the pioneer. This individual power has expanded my love, love, thought, consolation, acknowledgment and connection. Bass, Wurster and Alcock (1961) observed that individuals need to be esteemed and regarded predominantly by those whom they worth and regard. Along these lines individuals offer such people with individual power. It is along these lines clear that individual power originates from underneath and can be removed all the more rapidly by the subordinates when contrasted with position control. French and Raven’s Referent Power and Expert power would shape some portion of individual power. Other than the individual power, which calls for regard from the seniors, there is additionally the intensity of power. This power is generally coordinated to the subordinates in the workplace. It very well may be subdivided into: Line expert. This is the authorityover subordinates inmy chain ofcommand. Anyway this specialist relates straightforwardly to the spot inside my levels of leadership and does not exist outside my hierarchy of leadership i.e this power can’t be practiced past my area of expertise Staff specialist. This is the rightof staff to advice, guidance, or make proposals to line work force, and as an individual from staff, I feel this is one of the forces that I have. This kind of power however doesn’t give me the privilege to give line faculty arranges that influence the mission of the line association The directors, have the intensity of power and position control over their subordinates of which am one. Position power and expert have been reciprocally utilized in the present occasions dependent on Etizioni’s discoveries. This is by applying different strategies, some of which are: Specialist to endorse, for example any consent or endorsement that makes any strategy legitimate is under them. In this manner any expectation to abuse their capacity and a significant thought looking for their endorsement results to squander. This powerful rule directs what and when.a decision is to be made. Michener and Burt (1975) inspected factors in charge of authority achievement in evoking consistence. They announced that consistence was more noteworthy when pioneers clarified that their requests as useful for the gathering, had capacity to rebuff people who did not go along to the pioneers’ directions, and had a genuine appropriate to make requests on subordinates. Another investigation (Gamson, 1968) recommended that pioneers would move toward pressure of subordinates in the event that they saw that they did not have subordinates’ endorsement yet had the authentic expert for requesting consistence Specialist to Reward I. e having the last say in issues relating to advancements, working is coordinated towards attempting to pacify the seniors, with a thought of diligent work acknowledgment that will prompt an advancement. This outcomes to grant of advancements without legitimacy contemplations. Convincingness contributes emphatically to effectiveness of supervisors while conciliation and doing favors to bosses contributes contrarily to the equivalent. Incredible supervisors see their subordinates’ conduct moderately more decidedly. Upholding discipline, weight for consistence, enticement and specialist to reward rise then as significant impact techniques to capture broken representative practices. Trade of favors then again is by all accounts incapable impact system as it helps in flourishing broken representative conduct. Information (conceded or retained, shared or stayed discreet) Learning can be communicated as ability and aptitudes procured by an individual through encounter or instruction; the hypothetical or commonsense comprehension of a subject or what is known in a specific field or altogether; realities and data As a deal expert, Knowledge procurement includes complex psychological procedures: recognition, learning, correspondence, affiliation and thinking. Information likewise helps deal advisor in understanding topic with the capacity to utilize it for a particular reason if fitting. Arranged learning is information explicit to a specific circumstance. A deal expert can utilize different techniques for producing information, for example, experimentation, or gaining for a fact, will in general make exceptionally situational learning. One of the fundamental advantages of the logical strategy is that the hypotheses it produces are considerably less situational than information picked up by other methods.[citation needed] Situational learning is regularly implanted in language, culture, or traditions.[citation needed] Learning created through experience is called information “a posteriori”, which means a while later. The unadulterated presence of a term like “a posteriori” signifies this likewise has a partner. For this situation that is information “from the earlier”, which means previously. The learning preceding any experience implies that there are sure “presumptions” that one underestimates. For instance on the off chance that you are being told about a seat it is obvious to you that the seat is in space, that it is 3D. This information isn’t learning that one can “overlook”, even somebody experiencing amnesia encounters the world in 3D. See likewise: from the earlier and a posteriori. There is additionally incomplete learning. This whereby one order of epistemology centers around halfway learning. In most reasonable cases, it is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to have a thorough comprehension of a data area, so then we need to live with the way that our insight is dependably not finish, that is, fractional. Most genuine issues must be unraveled by exploiting a fractional comprehension of the issue setting and issue information. That is altogether different from the run of the mill straightforward maths issues one may comprehend at school, where all information is given and one has an ideal comprehension of recipes important to unravel them. This thought is additionally present in the idea of limited soundness which accept that, all things considered, circumstance individuals regularly have a constrained access of data and take choice as needs be. Another ramifications of learning is the logical information. The improvement of the logical technique has made a noteworthy commitment to comprehension of learning. Majoring on this idea of learning, a deal specialist must be furnished with a strategy for request which depends on social affair noticeable, exact and quantifiable proof subject to explicit standards of thinking. The logical technique comprises of the accumulation of information through perception and experimentation, and the definition and testing of theories. Science and the idea of logical learning has likewise turned into the subject of Philosophy. As science itself has created, learning has built up a more extensive use which has been creating inside science/brain research talked about somewhere else as meta-epistemology, or hereditary epistemology, and somewhat identified with “hypothesis of intellectual improvement”. Intensity of Persuasion Influence is a type of social impact. It is simply the way toward directing individuals and toward the selection of a thought, demeanor, or activity by normal and representative (however not constantly sensible) implies. Influence strategies are additionally now and again alluded to as influence strategies or pe>
